Evaluation of Vehicle Body Stiffness and Strength for Car to Car Compatibility

When considering a CTC (car to car) frontal crash between a small light car and a large heavy car, it is necessary to evaluate the stiffness and strength of each vehicle body. As interactive force at the contact surface cannot be measured directly in a car to car crash test, a simplified practical method has been developed to estimate the interactive force based on the vehicle deceleration. The adequacy and consistency of the proposed method was verified by using the principle of conservation of energy. The calculated force-deformation curves revealed that the interactive force reached the maximum designed strength of the small light car based on the ODB (Offset Deformable Barrier) test for crash protection, while the force level was far below the corresponding design limit of the large heavy car. It was observed that the relatively lower stiffness of the small light car resulted in absorbing a larger share of the total input energy of the system when crashed into the large heavy car. By analyzing the interactive force profile in detail, it was found that the maximum impact force and the end of crash force could be used as a barometer to assess car to car crash compatibility.