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Piston Fuel Film Observations in an Optical Access GDI Engine
Technical Paper
2001-01-2022
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
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English
Abstract
A gasoline direct injection fuel spray was observed using a fired, optical access, square cross-section single cylinder research engine and high-speed video imaging. Spray interaction with the piston is described qualitatively, and the results are compared with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation results using KIVA-3V version 2. CFD simulations predicted that within the operating window for stratified charge operation, between 1% and 4% of the injected fuel would remain on the piston as a liquid film, dependent primarily on piston temperature. The experimental results support the CFD simulations qualitatively, but the amount of fuel film remaining on the piston appears to be under-predicted. High-speed video footage shows a vigorous spray impingement on the piston crown, resulting in vapor production. The primary GDI combustion process, a roughly premixed flame, is followed by a turbulent diffusion flame or “pool fire” in the region of the liquid film, once the piston is warm enough to produce vapor at a sufficient rate.
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Citation
Karlsson, R. and Heywood, J., "Piston Fuel Film Observations in an Optical Access GDI Engine," SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-2022, 2001, https://doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-2022.Also In
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