Crash simulation models require dynamic material property data to produce realistic predictions. The models often have to simulate multi-layered components that can contain polymers, foams, and metals. This paper describes a pilot study on the dynamic tensile properties of energy absorbing foams.
The first phase consisted of the development of tensile test procedures suitable for high rate testing of foams. The second phase involved dynamic tensile tests on foams at rates up to 3.0 m/s. A half-scale ASTM D1623 Type A cylindrical tensile dog-bone was used for the dynamic tests.
The pilot study showed that dynamic tests on foam were possible. The dynamic ultimate tensile strength, failure strain, and stiffness of three foams at various rates were measured. The groundwork has been laid for the development of a foam tensile test standard for the automotive industry, with the potential of generating shared databases.
The project was financed by General Motors (GM) pursuant to an agreement between GM and the U. S. Department of Transportation.