This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Emissions from Buses with DDC 6V92 Engines Using Synthetic Diesel Fuel
Technical Paper
1999-01-1512
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Synthetic diesel fuel can be made from a variety of feedstocks, including coal, natural gas and biomass. Synthetic diesel fuels can have very low sulfur and aromatic content, and excellent autoignition characteristics. Moreover, synthetic diesel fuels may also be economically competitive with California diesel fuel if produced in large volumes.
Previous engine laboratory and field tests using a heavy-duty chassis dynamometer indicate that synthetic diesel fuel made using the Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) catalytic conversion process is a promising alternative fuel because it can be used in unmodified diesel engines, and can reduce exhaust emissions substantially.
The objective of this study was a preliminary assessment of the emissions from older model transit operated on Mossgas synthetic diesel fuel. The study compared emissions from transit buses operating on Federal no. 2 Diesel fuel, Mossgas synthetic diesel (MGSD), and a 50/50 blend of the two fuels. The buses were equipped with unmodified Detroit Diesel 6V92 2-stroke diesel engines. Six 40-foot buses were tested. Three of the buses had recently rebuilt engines and were equipped with an oxidation catalytic converter. Vehicle emissions measurements were performed using West Virginia University's unique transportable chassis dynamometer. The emissions were measured over the Central Business District (CBD) driving cycle.
The buses performed well on both neat and blended MGSD fuel. Three buses without catalytic converters were tested. Compared to their emissions when operating on Federal no. 2 diesel fuel, these buses emitted an average of 5% lower oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and 20% lower particulate matter (PM) when operating on neat MGSD fuel. Catalyst equipped buses emitted an average of 8% lower NOx and 31% lower PM when operating on MGSD than when operating on Federal no. 2 diesel fuel.
Recommended Content
| Technical Paper | On-Road Use of Fischer-Tropsch Diesel Blends |
| Technical Paper | Emissions from Trucks using Fischer-Tropsch Diesel Fuel |
| Technical Paper | EC-Diesel Technology Validation Program Interim Report |
Authors
- Paul Norton - National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
- Keith Vertin - National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
- Nigel N. Clark - West Virginia Univ.
- Donald W. Lyons - West Virginia Univ.
- Mridul Gautam - West Virginia Univ.
- Stephen Goguen - U.S. Department of Energy
- James Eberhardt - U.S. Department of Energy
Topic
Citation
Norton, P., Vertin, K., Clark, N., Lyons, D. et al., "Emissions from Buses with DDC 6V92 Engines Using Synthetic Diesel Fuel," SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-1512, 1999, https://doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-1512.Also In
References
- Fischer, F. Tropsch, H. DRP 484337 1926
- “The Slurry Phase Distillate Process, High Quality Diesel for a Cleaner World,” Sasol Brochure Sasol Synfuels International
- van Wechem, H.M.H. Senden, M.M.G. “Conversion of natural gas to transportation fuels via the Shell Middle Distillate Synthesis Process,” Natural Gas Conversion Symposium Sydney 1993
- Eilers, J. Posthuma, S.A. Sie, S.T. “The Shell Middle Distillate Synthesis Process (SMDS),” Catalysis Letters 7 1990
- “Indirect Coal Liquefaction,” DOE Fossil Energy
- Basta, N. “Gas-to-Liquid Synfuel Technology Steps Closer to Commercialization,” Hydrocarbon Online 1997
- Gray, D. Tomlinson, G. “Gas-to-Liquids: The Opportunities, Technologies and Issues,” Proceedings on Gas-to-Liquids Processing- Bringing Clean Fuels to Market, Intertech Conferences 1998
- Norton, P. Vertin, K. Bailey, B. Clark, N.N. Lyons, D.W. Goguen, S. Eberhardt, J. “Emissions from Trucks using Fischer-Tropsch Diesel Fuel,” SAE Paper 982526 1998
- Schaberg, P. Myburgh, I.S. Botha, J.J. Roets, P.N. Viljoen, C.L. Dancuart, L.P. Starr, M.E. “Diesel Exhaust Emissions Using Sasol Slurry Phase Distillate Fuels,” SAE Paper 972898 1997
- Leet, J. “Potential Application of Fischer-Tropsch Fuels,” Proceedings on Gas-to-Liquids Processing Bringing Clean Fuels to Market, Intertech Conferences 1998
- Peckham, J. “Reformulated Diesel Tests,” Hart's Diesel Fuel News 2 10 May 21 1998
- Martin, B. Aakko, P. Beckman, D. Giacomo, N.D. Giavazzi, F. “Influence of Future Fuel Formulations on Diesel Engine Emissions- A Joint European Study,” SAE Paper 972966 1997
- Chandler, K. Norton, P. Clark, N. “Alternative Fuel Truck Evaluation Project- Design and Preliminary Results,” SAE Paper 981392 1998
- Mossgas Test Report Low Aromatic Distillate January 1998 West Virginia University July 22 1998
- Kohl, Karen B. Southwest Research Institute SwRI Project Number 08-2326-060, Final Letter Report to NREL February 24 1999
- Analysts, Inc. Record Reference Number 478240, Final Letter Report to West Virginia University February 11 1999
- Bata, R. Clark, N. Gautam, M. Howell, A. Long, T. Loth, J. Lyons, D. Palmer, M. Rapp, B. Smith, J. Wang, W. “The First Transportable Heavy Duty Vehicle Emissions Testing Laboratory,” SAE Paper 912668 1991
- Bata, R. Clark, N. Lyons, D. Long, T. Howell, A. Loth, J. Palmer, M. Rapp, B. Wang, W. “A Transportable Heavy Duty Vehicle Emissions Testing Laboratory: A New Dimension in Vehicle Testing,” ASME Paper 92-ICE-21 1992
- Clark. N. N. Gautam, M. Bata, R- M. Lyons, D. W. “Design and Operation of a New Transportable Laboratory for Emissions Testing of Heavy Duty Trucks and Buses,” International Journal of Vehicle Design: Heavy Vehicle Systems 2 3 4 285 299 1995
- Clark. N. N. Lyons, D. W. Wang, W. Rapp, B. L. Gautam, M. Wang, W. Norton, P. White, C. Chandler, K. “Emissions from Trucks and Buses Powered by Cummins L-10 Natural Gas Engines,” SAE Paper 981393 1998
- Clark, N. N. Gautam M. Lyons, D. W. Bata, R. M. Wang, W. Norton, P. Chandler, K. “Natural Gas and Diesel Transit Bus Emissions: Review and Recent Data,” SAE Paper 973203 1997
- Chandler, K. Malcosky, N. Motta, R. Norton, P. Kelly, K. Schumacher, L. Lyons, D. W. “Alternative Fuel Transit Bus Evaluation Program Results,” SAE Paper 961082 1996
- Clark. N. N. Gadapati, C. J. Kelly, K. White, C. L. Lyons, D. W. Wang, W. Gautam, M. Bata, R. “Comparative Emissions from Natural Gas and Diesel Buses,” SAE Paper 952746 1995
- Wang, W. Gautam, M. Sun, X. Bata, R- Clark, N. Palmer, M. Lyons, D. W. “Emissions Comparisons of Twenty-Six Heavy Duty Vehicles Operated on Conventional and Alternative Fuels,” SAE Paper 932952 1993
- Bata, R Lyons, D. W. Clark, N. Gautam, G. Wang, W. “Vehicle Performance and Exhaust Gas Emissions of In-use Methanol Fueled Transit Buses,” Eleventh International Symposium on Alcohol Fuels April 1996 Sun City, South Africa 3 809 820 1996
- Messer, J.T. Clark, N.N. Lyons, D.W. “Measurement Delays and Modal Analysis for a Heavy-Duty Transportable Emissions Testing Laboratory,” SAE Paper 950218 1995
- Clark, N.N. Lyons, D.W. Rapp, B.L. Gautam, M. Wang, W. Norton, P. White, C. Chandler, K. “Emissions from Trucks and Buses Powered by Cummins L-10 Natural Gas Engines,” SAE Paper 981393 1998
- Clark, N.N. Gautam, M. Lyons, D.W. Bata, R.M. Wang, W. Norton, P. Chandler, K. “Natural Gas and Diesel Transit Bus Emissions: Review and Recent Data,” SAE Paper 973203 1997
- Wang, W. Clark, N.N. Lyons, D.W. Yang, R. Gautam, M. Bata, R. Loth, J. “Emissions Comparisons from Alternative Fuel Buses and Diesel Buses with a Chassis Dynamometer Testing Facility” Environmental Science & Technology 31 11 1997