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Mechanism of Engine Sludge Formation and Additive Action
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Abstract
THE bulk of low-temperature gasoline engine sludge is formed from the fuel rather than the lubricant, according to tests performed by the authors. Their tests indicate that most of this sludge is formed in the crankcase lubricant from oil-soluble, low molecular weight fuel oxidation products. They report that oil-soluble, sludge-forming intermediates have been isolated from used crankcase oils.
Reduction in low-temperature engine sludge deposits by commercial “detergent – inhibitor” additive combinations is seen to be due mainly to an inhibition mechanism rather than a “detergency – dispersion” mechanism, as previously assumed.
Ability of some synthetic lubricants containing oxygen to minimize sludge deposits appears, according to the authors, to result from their ability to dissolve a substantial proportion of the sludge component which normally acts as a precipitating agent for the total sludge.
A cyclic laboratory engine test is described which produces the same type and yield of sludge deposits as obtained under very severe field conditions; namely, stop-and-go light-duty delivery trucks.
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Citation
Rogers, D., Rice, W., and Jonach, F., "Mechanism of Engine Sludge Formation and Additive Action," SAE Technical Paper 560067, 1956, https://doi.org/10.4271/560067.Also In
References
- SAE Quarterly Transactions Vol. 2 January 1948 132 147 “Factor Affecting Low-Temperature Engine Deposits,” Bowhay E. J. Koenig. E. F.
- “Low-Temperature Sludging Test,” McNab, J. G. Conn, M. E. McArthur, D. S. Stehle. K. L. Presented at SAE Annual Meeting Detroit Jan. 16 1953
- “When and Why of Engine Deposits,” Spindt R. S. Wolfe. C. L. Presented at SAE National West Coast Meeting Seattle Aug. 14 1951
- U.O.P. Research and Development Laboratories Report June 15 1947 “Effects of Phenols in FL-2 Tests.”
- Stanford Research Institute Third Interim Report 1950 “Smog Problem in Los Angeles County.”
- Science, Vol. 121 June 10 1955 836 “Role of Nitrogen Oxide in Formation of Engine Deposits,” Spindt, R. S. Wolfe, C. L. Stevens. D. R.