This content is not included in your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.

Development of a Small-Bore Gasoline Direct-Injection Engine, and Enhancement of Its Performance Using Multiple-Injection Strategies

Journal Article
03-14-01-0008
ISSN: 1946-3936, e-ISSN: 1946-3944
Published November 07, 2020 by SAE International in United States
Development of a Small-Bore Gasoline Direct-Injection Engine, and Enhancement of Its Performance Using Multiple-Injection Strategies
Sector:
Citation: Jose, J., Mittal, M., and Ramesh, A., "Development of a Small-Bore Gasoline Direct-Injection Engine, and Enhancement of Its Performance Using Multiple-Injection Strategies," SAE Int. J. Engines 14(1):115-133, 2021, https://doi.org/10.4271/03-14-01-0008.
Language: English

References

  1. Reitz , R.D. , Ogawa , H. , Payri , R. , Fansler , T. et al. IJER Editorial: The Future of the Internal Combustion Engine International Journal of Engine Research. 21 3 10 2019 https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087419877990
  2. Zhao , H. Advanced Direct Injection Combustion Engine Technologies and Development First Woodhead Publishing Limited Cambridge, United Kingdom 2010 https://doi.org/10.1533/9781845697327
  3. Yu , C. , Park , K. , Han , S. , and Kim , W. Development of Theta II 2.4L GDI Engine for High Power & Low Emission SAE Technical Paper 2009-01-1486 2009 https://doi.org/10.4271/2009-01-1486
  4. Liu , Y. , Pei , Y. , Peng , Z. , Qin , J. et al. Spray Development and Droplet Characteristics of High Temperature Single-Hole Gasoline Spray Fuel 191 97 105 2017 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.11.068
  5. Eichhorn , A. , Lejsek , D. , Hettinger , A. , and Kufferath , A. Challenge Determining a Combustion System Concept for Downsized SI-Engines - Comparison and Evaluation of Several Options for a Boosted 2-Cylinder SI-Engine SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-1730 2013 https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-1730
  6. Bogarra , M. , Herreros , J.M. , Hergueta , C. , Tsolakis , A. et al. Influence of Three-Way Catalyst on Gaseous and Particulate Matter Emissions During Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Cold-Start Johnson Matthey Technological Review 61 4 329 341 2017 https://doi.org/10.1595/205651317X696315
  7. Noyori , T. , Ohira , T. , Nakamura , T. , and Akamatsu , Y. Development of a 660cc Turbo-Charged Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection Engine SAE Technical Paper 2003-32-0013 2003 https://doi.org/10.4271/2003-32-0013
  8. Anderson , W. , Yang , J. , Brehob , D. , Vallance , J. et al. Understanding the Thermodynamics of Direct Injection Spark Ignition (DISI) Combustion Systems: An Analytical and Experimental Investigation SAE Technical Paper 962018 1996 https://doi.org/10.4271/962018
  9. Fiengo , G. , di Gaeta , A. , Palladino , A. , and Giglio , V. Common Rail System for GDI Engines London Springer London 2013 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4468-7
  10. Achleitner , E. , Bäcker , H. , and Funaioli , A. Direct Injection Systems for Otto Engines SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-1416 2007 https://doi.org/10.4271/2007-01-1416
  11. Henriot , S. , Chaouche , A. , Chevé , E. , Duclos , J. et al. NSDI-3: A Small Bore GDI Engine SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-0172 1999 https://doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-0172
  12. Iwamoto , Y. , Noma , K. , Nakayama , O. , Yamauchi , T. et al. Development of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine SAE Technical Paper 970541 1997 https://doi.org/10.4271/970541
  13. Zhou , F. , Fu , J. , Ke , W. , Liu , J. et al. Effects of Lean Combustion Coupling with Intake Tumble on Economy and Emission Performance of Gasoline Engine Energy 133 366 379 2017 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.05.131
  14. Xie , F. , Zheng , W. , Chen , H. , Liu , Y. et al. Effects of Split and Single Injection Strategies on Particle Number Emission and Combustion of a GDI Engine Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233 5 1100 1114 2018 https://doi.org/10.1177/0954407018759739
  15. Kawamoto , M. , Honda , T. , and Katashiba , H. A Study of Center and Side Injection in Spray Guided DISI Concept SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-0106 2005 https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-24-0106
  16. Serras-Pereira , J. , Aleiferis , P.G. , and Richardson , D. Imaging and Heat Flux Measurements of Wall Impinging Sprays of Hydrocarbons and Alcohols in a Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel 91 1 264 297 2012 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.07.037
  17. Stola , F. , Ravaglioli , V. , Silvagni , G. , Ponti , F. et al. Injection Pattern Investigation for Gasoline Partially Premixed Combustion Analysis SAE Technical Paper 2019-24-0112 2019 https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-24-0112
  18. Stan , C. , Stanciu , A. , Guenther , S. , Martorano , L. et al. Direct Injection Application on a Four-Stroke Motorcycle Engine SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-1818 2001 https://doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-1818
  19. Mittal , M. , Hung , D.L.S. , Zhu , G. , and Schock , H.J. Fuel Spray Visualization and Its Impingement Analysis on In-Cylinder Surfaces in a Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engine Journal of Visualization 14 2 149 160 2011 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-011-0083-0
  20. Reddy , A. and Mallikarjuna , J. Parametric Study on a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine - A CFD Analysis SAE Technical Paper 2017-26-0039 2017 https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-26-0039
  21. Devassy , B.M. , Bakshi , S. , and Ramesh , A. A New Injector Concept for Multimode Operation in Gasoline Direct Injection Engines International Journal of Engine Research 15 5 626 638 2014 https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087413501315
  22. Sureshkumar , J. , Venkitachalam , G. , Mallikarjuna , J. , and Elayaraja , R. Study on Effect of Engine Operating Parameters on Flame Characteristics SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-0749 2015 https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-0749
  23. Szekely , G. and Alkidas , A. Combustion Characteristics of a Spray-Guided Direct-Injection Stratified-Charge Engine with a High-Squish Piston SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-1937 2005 https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-1937
  24. Khan , M. , Watson , H. , and Baker , P. Mixture Preparation Effects on Gaseous Fuel Combustion in SI Engines SAE Int. J. Engines 2 1 230 245 2009 https://doi.org/10.4271/2009-01-0323
  25. Jose , J.V. , Mittal , M. , and Ramesh , A. A Computational Study of In-Cylinder Flow, and the Influence of Injection Timing on Mixture Preparation in a Small-Bore GDI Engine NCICEC Conference Proceedings Suratkal, Karnataka, India 2017
  26. Jose , J. , Parsi , A. , Shridhara , S. , Mittal , M. et al. Effect of Fuel Injection Timing on the Mixture Preparation in a Small Gasoline Direct-Injection Engine SAE Technical Paper 2018-32-0014 2018 https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-32-0014
  27. Han , Z. , Reitz , R.D. , Yang , J. , and Anderson , R.W. Effects of Injection Timing on Air-Fuel Mixing in a Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engine SAE Technical Paper 970625 1997 https://doi.org/10.4271/970625
  28. Yamamoto , S. , Tanaka , D. , and Sato , K. Keys to Understanding Spray-guided Combustion of a Narrow-spacing Gasoline Direct Injection SI Engine with a Centrally Mounted Multi-hole Injector SAE Int. J. Engines 2 1 1408 1419 2009 https://doi.org/10.4271/2009-01-1497
  29. Bisht , A. , Gupta , S.K. , Mittal , M. , and Schock , H. Analysis of Spray Variations and Macroscopic Spray Characteristics in a Gasoline Direct-Injection Engine at Different Injection Timings Journal of Visualization 22 4 761 771 2019 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-019-00559-4
  30. Rounce , P. , Brogan , M. , and Eastwood , P. Gasoline Direct Injected Particulate Emissions Control at Stage 6 Internal Combustion Engines: Performance, Fuel Economy and Emissions IMechE 231 250 London 2013 https://doi.org/10.1533/9781782421849.6.231
  31. Motohashi , Y. , Kubota , K. , Akaishi , N. , Ishiki , K. et al. Development of New L4 2.4L Gasoline Engine for 2013 Model Year ACCORD SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-1734 2013 https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-1734
  32. Zheng , Z. , Tian , X. , and Zhang , X. Effects of Split Injection Proportion and the Second Injection Time on the Mixture Formation in a GDI Engine under Catalyst Heating Mode Using Stratified Charge Strategy Applied Thermal Engineering 84 237 245 2015 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.03.041
  33. Han , Z. and Reitz , R.D. Turbulence Modelling of Internal Combustion Engines Using RNG K-ɛ Models Combustion Science and Technology 106 46 267 295 1995 https://doi.org/10.1080/00102209508907782
  34. Liu , Y.D. , Jia , M. , Xie , M.Z. , and Pang , B. Enhancement on a Skeletal Kinetic Model for Primary Reference Fuel Oxidation by Using a Semi-Decoupling Methodology Energy and Fuels 26 12 7069 7083 2012 https://doi.org/10.1021/ef301242b
  35. Reitz , R.D. and Beale , J.C. Modelling Spray Atomization with the Kelvin-Helmholtz/Rayleigh-Taylor Hybrid Model Atomization Sprays 9 6 623 650 1999 https://doi.org/10.1615/AtomizSpr.v9.i6.40
  36. Su , J. , Xu , M. , Yin , P. , Gao , Y. et al. Particle Number Emissions Reduction Using Multiple Injection Strategies in a Boosted Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection (SIDI) Gasoline Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 8 1 20 29 2015 https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-2845
  37. Amsden , A.A. , O’Rourke , P.J. , and Butler , T.D. 1989
  38. Liu , A.B. , Mather , D. , and Reitz , R.D. Modelling the Effects of Drop Drag and Breakup on Fuel Sprays SAE International Congress Expo 298 412 1 6 1993 https://doi.org/10.4271/93007
  39. O’Rourke 1981
  40. O’Rourke , P.J. and Amsden , A.A. A Spray/Wall Interaction Sub model for the KIVA-3 Wall Film Model SAE Technical Paper 2000-01-0271 2000 https://doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-0271
  41. Jose , J.V. , Thakur , H. , Mittal , M. , and Ramesh , A. A Computational Study on the Effect of Injector Location on the Performance of a Small Spark-Ignition Engine Modified to Operate under the Direct-Injection Mode SAE Technical Paper 2020-01-0286 2020 https://doi.org/10.4271/2020-01-0286
  42. Zheng , Z. , Liu , C. , Tian , X. , and Zhang , X. Numerical Study of the Effect of Piston Top Contour on GDI Engine Performance under Catalyst Heating Meode Fuel 157 64 72 2015 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.04.054

Cited By