This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Life Cycle Energy. Requirements for Selected Automotive Sheet Materials
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
New design factors have to be considered in the selection of materials to be used in automobiles as a result of Federal Government mandates on fuel economy requirements. As a result of higher energy costs, automobile designers in specifying materials are now considering not only the cost of substitute materials but also material weight, since lighter car weight promotes fuel economy.
Over the lifetime of a car, comparative life cycle energy use relationships were derived in this study for the three major materials used in making flat (sheet) products used in automobile manufacture: 1) steel, both carbon and high strength-low alloy, 2) aluminum, and 3) selected plastics.
This study focused on substitution of one material for another on a given sized automobile. Results are presented graphically showing weight trade-offs of one material against another in order to achieve equal life cycle energy use.
Recommended Content
Technical Paper | Methodology of plastic parts development in the automotive industry |
Technical Paper | Root Cause Analysis of Discoloration of Polypropylene in Automobile Interiors |
Technical Paper | Formability and Fatigue of Aluminum Tailor Welded Blanks |
Authors
Citation
Kusik, C., Dale, S., Gott, P., and Pararneswaran, K., "Life Cycle Energy. Requirements for Selected Automotive Sheet Materials," SAE Technical Paper 820150, 1982, https://doi.org/10.4271/820150.Also In
References
- Aluminum Association The, Aluminum Statistical Review 1977 Washington, D.C.
- American Iron and Steel Institute Annual Statistical Report Washington, D.C. 1976
- Arons, R. Wolsky, A. “Energy and Materials Flows in the Fabrication of Aluminum Products,” Argonne National Labs 30 35 1978
- Arthur D. Little estimates based on survey data Study of Automobile Market Dynamics Cambridge, HA 26 1976
- Arthur D. Little, Inc. Environmental Considerations of Selected Energy Conserving Manufacturing Process Options IV Petroleum Refining Report, EPA-600/7-76-034, EPA/IERL Cincinnati Ohio 1976
- Arthur D. Little, Inc. Energy Use Pat terns for Metals Recycling prepared for the U.S. Bureau of Mines, Contract No. J0166143, IC 8781 1978
- L. Artinian, Terry S. L. “The Total Cost of Weight,” SAE Warrendale, PA 1961
- Atkins, P. R. “Recycling Can Cut Energy Dramatically,” Engineering and Mining Journal 174 5 1973
- Automotive Engineering 33 1975
- Automotive Engineering “Who’s Responsible for Emissions after 50,000 Miles?” 85 7 1978
- Battelle Columbus Laboratories Energy Use Patterns in Metallurgical and Nonmetallic Mineral Processing (Phase 4 — Energy Data and Flowsheets, High Priority Commodities) prepared for the U.S. Bureau of Mines, PB-245 759 1975a
- Battelle Columbus Laboratories Potential for Energy Conservation in the Steel Industry prepared for the Federal Energy Administration, PB-244 097 1975b
- Baxter, D. F. “More Aluminum in Autos,” Metal Progress 36 37 1977
- Becker, W. E. “Innovating With Plastics for Energy Conservation,” Mobay Chemical Corporation
- Benn Brothers Limited Ports of the World 1977 Thirtieth Edition 1976
- BP Tanker Company Limited World-Wide Marine Distance Tables, Volume one and Two, Compiled by Marine Division 1976
- Burck, C. G. Fortune 118 1977
- Cochran, C. N. “Aluminum, Villain or Hero in Energy Crisis?” Automotive Engineering 81 6 1978
- Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Chapter 1, part 85.074-15.
- Daly Richard L. “Casting Raw Steel — USA,” Iron and Steelmaker 4 12 31 33 1977
- DOE U.S. Department of Energy Data Reports (Crude Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Natural Gas Liquids), DOE/EIA-0109/5 1978
- Department of Transportation National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Data and Analysis for 1981-1984 Passenger Automobile Fuel Economy Standards Average Yearly Travel, Summary Report, p. A-21 Washington, D.C. 1977
- Department of Transportation A Computer Program for Vehicle Fuel Economy and Performance Simulation II Users Report, DOT-TSC-OST-77-32-11
- General Motors “How Weight Affects Gas Mileage,” Detroit Free Press 1978 73
- Golomb and Bauch Stochastic Analysis of Future Vehicle Populations 31 University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 1978
- Gordian Associates, Inc. Potential for Energy Conservation in Nine Selected Industries prepared for the Office of Energy Conservation Federal Energy Office Washington, D.C. 1974
- Gushee, D. E. Energy Accounting as a Policy Analysis Tool 125 213 prepared for the Subcommittee on Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration of the Committee on Science and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 1976
- Laing, S. The U.S. Market for Motor Vehicle Parts and Accessories Economics Intelligence Unit Ltd. London 1977
- Lieferman Michael W. Technical Support Report for Regulatory Action, Performance and Cost Analysis of Chassis Dynamometers U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 1976
- Logistics Management Institute “An Executive Summary of the Project Independence Evaluation System,” PIES Vol. 1, prepared for Department of Energy 1978
- Minicars, Inc. “Research Safety Vehicle Presentation,” Automotive Fuel Economy Contractors Coordination Meeting U.S. Department of Transportation 1978
- Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Association HVHA Motor Vehicle Facts and Figures Detroit, Michigan 1977
- Motwani, M. B. “Applications of Aluminum in Body Weight Reduction,” SAE , Warrendale, Pa., Publication Number 770306
- Office of the Secretary of Transportation Automotive Design Analysis Report of a panel of the Interagency Task Force on Motor Vehicle Goals Beyond 1980 1976
- Shonka D. B. Loebl A. S. Patterson P. D. Transportation Energy Conservation Data Book 2 Oak Ridge, National Laboratory, Report ORNL-5320 1977
- Stobaugh R. Yergin D. “Energy Future,” report of the Energy Project at the Harvard Business School 14 Random House New York, New York 1979
- Testin, R. F. Recycling Opportunities and Challenges for the Aluminum Industry American Chemical Society Symposium on Energy and Materials 1975
- Eldon Trueman “Weight Saving Approaches Through the Use of Fiberglass-Reinforced Plastic,” Society of Automotive Engineers 750155, Automotive Engineering Congress and Exposition Detroit, Michigan 1975
- Tuttle, H. “Plastics: Material of Opportunity and Problems,” Automotive Design and Development 1978
- U.S. Department of Energy Energy Analysis Methodology Veach Long Thomas II DOE Technical Information Center, available as NATO/CCMS-75 from NTIS Springfield, Virginia
- Waters, W. A. Automotive Industries 1977
- Williams Brother Engineering Company West Coast — Midwest Crude Oil Pipeline, prepared for The Standard Oil Company Cleveland, Ohio 1974