This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
The Influence of Mixture Preparation on the HC Concentration Histories from a S.I. Engine Running Under Steady-State Conditions
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Exhaust-port hydrocarbon (HC) concentration measurements were made using a Fast Response Flame Ionization Detector (FRFID) in order to investigate the mechanisms by which mixture preparation affects engine-out HC emissions. The mixture preparation was varied by: (a) using fuels of different volatility, (b) varying the injection timing, and (c) decreasing the coolant temperature. The observed increases in HC emissions which resulted from lowering the coolant temperature or employing open valve injection are primarily attributed to the resulting increase in the in-cylinder liquid fuel, which is deposited mainly on the cylinder walls and in the piston crevices. The HC attributed to the liquid fuel deposited on cylinder walls exit the engine cylinder roughly in the middle of the exhaust process. On the other hand, the HC attributed to the liquid fuel stored in the piston crevices, and which represent the largest fraction, exit the cylinder during the end of the exhaust process.
Recommended Content
Authors
Citation
Stache, I. and Alkidas, A., "The Influence of Mixture Preparation on the HC Concentration Histories from a S.I. Engine Running Under Steady-State Conditions," SAE Technical Paper 972981, 1997, https://doi.org/10.4271/972981.Also In
References
- Collings, N. Willey, J. “Cyclically Resolved HC Emissions from a Spark Ignition Engine,” SAE Paper 871691 1987
- Collings, N. Eade, D. “An Improved Technique for Measuring Cyclic Variations in the Hydrocarbon Concentration in an Engine Exhaust,” SAE Paper 880316 1988
- Finlay, I. C. Boam, D. J Bingham, J. F. Clark, T. A. “Fast Response FID Measurement of Unburned Hydrocarbons in the Exhaust Port of a Firing Gasoline Engine” New Directions and Developments in Automotive Emission Control SAE SP-839, Paper 902165 137 146 1990
- Woods, W. A. Brown, P. G. Sogut, O. S. “A Comparison of Hydrocarbon Measurements with a Fast Response Flame Ionization Detector and a Rapid Acting Sampling Valve” Combustion in Engines-Technology, Applications and the Environment Mechanical Engineering Publications Ltd 193 203 1992
- Meernik P. R. Alkidas, A. C. “Impact of Exhaust Valve Leakage on Engine-Out Hydrocarbons,” SAE Paper 932752 1993
- Thompson, N. D. Wallace, J. S. “Effect of Engine Operating Variables and Piston and Ring Parameters on Crevice Hydrocarbon Emissions,” SAE Paper 940480 1994
- Collings, N. “A New Technique for Measuring HC Concentration in Real Time, in a Running Engine,” SAE Paper 880517 1988
- PecKham, M. Collings, N. “Study of Engine Wall Layer Hydrocarbons with a Fast Response FID,” SAE Paper 922237 1992
- Ladommatos, N “Cyclically Resolved Measurements of Hydrocarbons in the Cylinders of Internal-Combustion Engines, by Means of a Fast Flame-Ionisation Detector,” Journal of the Institute of Energy 65 94 101 1992
- Malberg, H. “Cycle-Resolved HC-Sampling with a Piston-Mounted Probe,” Institution of Thermo and Fluid Dynamics, Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg, Sweden 1993
- Crawford, J. G. Wallace, J. S. “Validation Tests for a Fast Response Flame Ionisation Detector for In-Cylinder Sampling Near the Spark Plug,” SAE Paper 961201 1996
- Cheng, C. Cheng, W. K. Heywood, J. B. Maroteaux, D. Collings, N. “Intake Port Phenomena in a Spark Ignition Engine at Part Load,” SAE Paper 912401 1991
- Fox, J. W. Min, K. D. Cheng, W. K Heywood, J. B. “Mixture Preparation in a S.I. Engine with Port Fuel Injection During Starting and Warm Up,” SAE Paper 922170 1992
- Heywood, J. B. “Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals,” McGraw-Hill Book Company 1988
- Vargaftik, N.B. “Tables on the Thermophysical Properties of Liquids and Gases,” Hemisphere Publishing Corp. 260 261 274 275 1975
- Reddy, S. R. “Evaporative Emissions from Gasolines and Alcohol-Containing Gasolines with Closely Matched Volatilities,” SAE Paper 861556 1986
- Gatellier, B. Trapy, J. Herrier, D. Quelin, J. M. Galliot, F. “Hydrocarbon Emissions of S.I. Engines as Influenced by Absorption-Desorption in Oil Films,” SAE Paper 920095 1992
- Boam, D. J. et al. “The Sources of Unburnt Hydrocarbon Emissions from Spark Ignition Engines During Cold Starts and Warm-Up,” Combustion in Engines-Technology, Applications and the Environment Mechanical Engineering Publications Ltd 57 72 1992
- Guillemot, P. Gatellier, B. Rouveirolles, P. ‘“The Influence of Coolant Temperature on Unburned Hydrocarbon Emissions from Spark Ignition Engine,” SAE paper 941962 1994
- Alkidas, A. C. Drews, R. J. “Effects of Mixture Preparation on HC Emissions of a S.I. Engine Operating under Steady-State Cold Conditions,” SAE Paper 961958 1996
- Alkidas, A. C. “The Effect of Fuel Preparation on Hydrocarbon Emissions of a S.I. Engine Operating Under Steady- State Conditions,” SAE Paper 941959 1994
- Russ, S. Kaiser, E. W. Siegl, W. O. “Effect of Cylinder Head and Engine Block Temperature on HC emissions from a Single Cylinder Spark Ignition Engine SAE Paper 952536 1995
- Kaplan, J. A. Heywood, J. B. “Modelling the Spark Ignition Engine Warm-Up Process to Predict Component Temperatures and Hydrocarbon Emission,” SAE Paper 910302 1991
- Bascunana, J. L. Skibinski, J. Weaver, E. E. “Rates of Exhaust Gas-Air Reactions,” SAE Paper 770639 1977