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The Application of Filtration Technology Within the Water Processor on Board Space Station Freedom
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English
Abstract
Space Station Freedom uses a semi-closed loop recirculating waste water system to regenerate potable water. A specific series of depth and membrane filters can be employed prior to the waste water holding tank to eliminate bacteria at the earliest portion of the Water Processor. Several advantages accrue by using a cold sterilizing method for microbial control. This methodology i) reduces the weight and power requirements needed for a heat sterilizer and exchanger, and ii) significantly reduces biocorrosion and biofilm associated problems.
A series of six filters and a two component resin bed was used to process a mixture of laundry water, shower water, and urine distillate in a ratio of 63:28:9 by volume. The final effluent was free of bacteria when grown on R2A agar. Gravimetric analysis was performed on 100 ml of downstream effluent from four filters and compared to the raw water. The proposed filtration scheme throughout the entire Water Processor will contain eleven filters including a final filter sized at 0.04 micron absolute.
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Citation
Keyser, P., Howard, G., Steele, J., and Marsh, R., "The Application of Filtration Technology Within the Water Processor on Board Space Station Freedom," SAE Technical Paper 921270, 1992, https://doi.org/10.4271/921270.Also In
References
- Scientific and Technical Report STR PUF03 Bacterial and Endotoxin Retention By Sterilizing Grade Filters During Long Term Use In Pharmaceutical High Purity Water Systems James J.B. Blanden P.D. Krygier V. Howard, G. Jr. Pall Corporation 1988
- Virology 1 637 Fields B.N. et. al. Raven Press NY 1990
- Microbiological Design Support Testing for the Space Station Preprocessing Water Storage Tank and Sterilizer Steele John Fanning-Jackson S. Marsh R. Peyton B. International Conference on Life Support and Biospherics 1992 The University of Alabama in Huntsville
- Biofilm Formation and Control in a Simulated Spacecraft Water System Two Year Results Schultz John R. Taylor R.D. Flanagan D.T. Huls M.H. Bruce R.J. Carr S.E. Svoboda J.V. Sauer R.L. Pierson D.L. SAE Technical Paper Series # 911403 July 1991