As a key technology to autonomous vehicles, high precise positioning is essential for automated container terminals to implement intelligent dispatching and to improve container transport efficiency. In view of the unstable performance of global positioning system (GPS) in some circumstances, an ultra wide band (UWB) positioning system is developed for autonomous trucks in an automated container terminal. In this paper, an asynchronous structure is adopted in the system and a three-dimension (3D) localization method is proposed. Other than a traditional UWB positioning system with a server, in this asynchronous system, positions are calculated in vehicle. Therefore, propagation delays from the server to vehicles are eliminated and real-time performance of the system can be significantly improved. Traditional 3D localization methods based on TDOA are mostly invalid with anchors in the same plane. However, in order to guarantee anchors and tags in line of sight (LOS), anchors have to be installed in a vertical plane under the tyre cranes. Coping with this problem, an improved method is presented, which overcomes the matrix singularity. Three hyperboloids can be…

This specification covers one type of fluorescent magnetic particles in the form of a mixed, ready-to-use suspension in an odorless, inspection oil vehicle and packaged in aerosol cans.

Pressure vessels are critical equipment used in industries for storing liquids or gases at a pressure significantly different from ambient conditions. Porosity is one of the major weld defects in pressure vessels that leads to failure during inspection and as well as during its service. Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process is widely used in industries to fabricate pressure vessels using carbon steel “IS 2062 E250BR” material for storing compressed air. The main objective of this article is to reduce the porosity defect in the longitudinal seam (LS) welding of the pressure vessels. Detailed analysis is carried out to identify the parameters which are influencing the porosity defect. Central Composite Design (CCD) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approaches are used to find the optimum value of the weld parameters which produce weld without porosity or any major defects in the pressure vessel. An experimental setup has been established and welding experiments have been conducted under a controlled environment. Experiments were conducted without any external disturbances ensuring clean weld surface and filler wire without any moisture,…

This specification covers the general requirements for aluminum alloy bar, rod, shapes, structural shapes, tube, and wire extruded. Specific requirements for these products in a particular alloy are covered by the applicable detailed specification (See 6.3).

This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant steel alloy in the form of pre-alloyed powder.

This specification establishes the requirements for a high visibility, durable, exterior fluorescent coating system consisting of a pigmented fluorescent coating with a clear protective overcoat containing a weathering stabilizer. This coating system is capable of being removed without softening the permanent undercoats.

This specification establishes the requirements for a waterborne, corrosion inhibiting, chemical and solvent resistant, anodic electrodeposition epoxy primer capable of curing at 200 to 210 °F (93 to 99 °C).

This document discusses the relative merits of the physical and chemical properties of hydraulic fluids in relation to the aerospace hydraulic system design, and the related materials compatibility. The discussion in this report applies both to hydrocarbon and phosphate ester based aircraft hydraulic fluids. In some cases, numerical limits are suggested, but, in general, the significance and effect of a property is noted qualitatively.