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This SAE Recommended Practice covers passive torque biasing axle and center differentials used in passenger car and light truck applications. Differentials are of the bevel gear, helical gear, and planetary types, although other configurations are possible.
This SAE Recommended Practice covers the design and application of a 120 VAC single phase engine based auxiliary power unit or GENSET. This document is intended to provide design direction for the single phase nominal 120 VAC as it interfaces within the truck 12 VDC battery and electrical architecture providing power to truck sleeper cab hotel loads so that they may operate with the main propulsion engine turned off.
This material type has resistance to hot air, but generally has poor resistance to fuels and lubricants, but usage is not limited to such applications. Each application should be considered separately. This material type has a typical service temperature range of -85 to 500 °F (-65 to 260 °C). The operating temperature range of the material is a general temperature range, but the presence of particular fluids and design parameters may modify this range. Recommendations on the material selection are based on available technical data and are offered as suggestions only. Each user should make his own tests to determine the suitability for his own particular use.
This specification provides dimensional standards for crimp type contact wire barrel design and is a replacement for MS3190. Some wire barrel designs may exist in AS39029 but are not considered approved for future use, therefore, will not appear in this specification. The crimp barrel sizes listed in this document have been standardized in AS39029 and AS22520 specifications, tools and contacts are available to support these listed sizes. These crimp barrel requirements shall be used for any contact, regardless of whether it is a standard or non-standard contact configuration. The specification lists details for three types of wire barrels: A, B, and C. Wire barrel type A is not recommended for new design. Table 4 lists each AS39029 detail sheet wire barrel type.
AIR1608 ESTIMATION OF TOTAL ERROR IN ALTIMETRY proposes a method of estimating overall error of altimetry in order to provide a basis for safe vertical separation of aircraft.
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) covers automatic pilots intended for use on aircraft to automatically operate the primary and trim aerodynamic controls to maintain stable flight and/or to provide maneuvering about any of the three axes through servo control. Automatic control functions essential for primary or augmented flight control are excluded.
This recommended practice describes a process for testing the comprehension of static (i.e., fixed or non-dynamic) symbols for all ground vehicles, for both OEM and aftermarket products. With advancing display technology, it is now possible to display dynamic symbols (e.g., a spinning beach ball to show that a process is ongoing, or a diagram showing energy distribution in hybrid vehicles). Such graphics are outside of the scope of this recommended practice, though extensions of this process may be useful for testing them. However, several symbols which occupy the same space on a display may change state without movement (e.g. play/pause button); these are within the scope of this recommended practice. The process described in this recommended practice includes criteria that are used to identify how well the perceived meaning matches the intended meaning for a representative sample of drivers. The data from this process are analyzed to determine the drivers’ comprehension of the symbol
This SAE Recommended Practice defines a document for the format of messages and data that is of general value to modules on the data communications link. Included are field descriptions, size, scale, internal data representation, and position within a message. This document also describes guidelines for the frequency of and circumstances in which messages are transmitted. In order to promote compatibility among all aspects of electronic data used in heavy-duty applications, it is the intention of the SAE Truck and Bus Low Speed Communications Network Subcommittee (formerly Data Format Subcommittee) (in conjunction with other industry groups) to develop recommended message formats for: a Vehicle and Component Information—This includes all information that pertains to the operation of the vehicle and its components (such as performance, maintenance, and diagnostic data). b Routing and Scheduling Information—Information related to the planned or actual route of the vehicle. It includes
This specification applies to a communication protocol for networked control systems. The protocol provides peer-to-peer communication for networked control and is suitable for implementing both peer-to-peer and master-slave control strategies. This specification describes services for all seven protocol layers. In the layer 7 specification, it includes a description of the types of messages used by applications to exchange application and network management data.
This document, the JAUS Compliance and Interoperability Policy (ARP6012), recommends an approach to documenting the complete interface of an unmanned system or component in regard to the application of the standard set. While non-SAE AS-4 JAUS documents are referenced in this ARP they are not within the scope of this document and should be viewed as examples only.
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) discusses characteristics of data communications for the Joint Architecture for Unmanned Systems (JAUS). This document provides guidance on the aspects of transport media, unmanned systems and the characteristics of JAUS itself that are relevant to the definition of a JAUS transport specification.
This document is intended for the application of color to cathode-ray-tube (CRT) displays, liquid crystal displays (LCD) and other types of display technologies such as projection displays. Emerging color display technologies other than those noted above, may not be adequately covered by these recommendations. Color recommendations will not address Night Vision Devices (NVD), Head-Up Displays (HUD) or Head or Helmet Mounted Displays (HMD). This document is applicable to aircraft as understood in 14 CFR Parts 23, Part 25, Part 27 and Part 29, and EASA CS-23, CS-25. CS-27 and CS-29 certification standards.
The lane departure warning (LDW) system is a warning system that alerts drivers if they are drifting (or have drifted) out of their lane or from the roadway. This warning system is designed to reduce the likelihood of crashes resulting from unintentional lane departures (e.g., run-off-road, side collisions, etc.). This system will not take control of the vehicle; it will only let the driver know that he/she needs to steer back into the lane. An LDW is not a lane-change monitor, which addresses intentional lane changes, or a blind spot monitoring system, which warns of other vehicles in adjacent lanes. This informational report applies to original equipment manufacturer and aftermarket LDW systems for light-duty vehicles (gross vehicle weight rating of no more than 8500 pounds) on relatively straight roads with a radius of curvature of 500 m or more and under good weather conditions.
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes a uniform, powered vehicle test procedure and minimum performance requirement for lane departure warning systems used in highway trucks and buses greater than 4546 kg (10000 pounds) gross vehicle weight (GVW). Systems similar in function but different in scope and complexity, including lane keeping/lane assist and merge assist, are not included in this document. This document does not apply to trailers, dollies, etc. This document does not intend to exclude any particular system or sensor technology. This document will test the functionality of the lane departure warning system (LDWS) (e.g., ability to detect lane presence and ability to detect an unintended lane departure), its ability to indicate LDWS engagement, its ability to indicate LDWS disengagement, and its ability to determine the point at which the LDWS notifies the human machine interface (HMI) or vehicle control system that a lane departure event is detected. Moreover, this
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of sheet and strip up to and including 0.125 inch (3.18 mm) in nominal thickness.
These recommendations cover the mechanical and electrical installation and installation test procedures for automatic pilots of the type normally used in transport type aircraft. The material in this ARP does not supercede any airworthiness requirement in the Civil Air Regulations.
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) sets forth design and operational recommendations concerning the human factors issues and criteria for cockpit display of traffic information systems. The visual and aural characteristics are covered for both the alerting components and traffic depiction/situation components. The display system may contain any one or a combination of these components Although the system functionality assumed for this document exemplifies fixed-wing aircraft implementation, the recommendations do not preclude other aircraft types. The recommendations contained in this document address both near and far term technology directed toward providing in flight traffic awareness, although the present version remains primarily focused on near term applications. Since this document provides recommendations, the guidance is provided in the form of “should” statements as opposed to the “shall” statements that appear in standards and requirements. The assumptions about
This document defines a set of standard application layer interfaces called JAUS HMI Services. JAUS Services provide the means for software entities in an unmanned system or system of unmanned systems to communicate and coordinate their activities. The HMI Services represent the platform-independent Human Machine Interface (HMI) capabilities commonly found across all domains and types of unmanned systems. Five services are defined in this document: Drawing Pointing Device Keyboard Digital Control Analog Control Each service is described by a JAUS Service Definition (JSD) which specifies the message set and protocol required for compliance. Each JSD is fully compliant with the JAUS Service Interface Definition Language (JSIDL) [AS5684].
This standard defines a generic set of electrical interfaces between a host aircraft (“platform”) and an electro-optic/infrared (EO/IR) sensor. This includes connectors, cabling, fiber optics, signals, and power.
This document addresses the operational safety and human factors aspects of unauthorized laser illumination events in navigable airspace. The topics addressed include operational procedures, training, and protocols that flight crew members should follow in the event of a laser exposure. Of particular emphasis, this document outlines coping strategies for use during critical phases of flight. Although lasers are capable of causing retinal damage, most laser cockpit illuminations, to date, has been relatively low in irradiance causing primarily startle reactions, visual glare, flashblindness and afterimages. Permanent eye injuries from unauthorized laser exposures have been extremely rare. This document describes pilot operational procedures in response to the visual disruptions associated with low to moderate laser exposures that pilots are most likely to encounter during flight operations. With education and training, pilots can take actions that safeguard both their vision and the
Following a number of high-visibility collisions between aircraft on the airport surface, overall taxi operations have been brought under greater scrutiny. In addition, observation of taxi operations and the results of associated research programs have revealed that the efficiency of taxi operations could be significantly improved with available technologies and by applying a human centered design approach. Surface operations displays have been tested in prototype form and a number of manufacturers are moving toward product definition. This document provides guidance on the design of elements, which may be part of surface operations displays whose objectives would be to enhance safety and to improve overall efficiency of aircraft operations on the airport surface. Such efficiency increases should be realized not only in day-to-day operations, but should also be manifested in training for surface operations. This document sets forth functional and design recommendations concerning the
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