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This SAE Standard was developed to provide a method for indicating the direction of engine rotation and numbering of engine cylinders. The document is intended for use in designing new engines to eliminate the differences which presently exist in industry
This SAE Standard provides general and dimensional specifications for beaded ends and hose fittings. These connections are intended for general applications in low pressure automotive and hydraulic systems on automotive, industrial, and commercial products. The fittings shown are designed to be used with hoses that are intended to be retained by hose clamps. It is recommended that where step sizes or additional types of fittings are required, they be designed to conform with the specifications of this document insofar as they may apply. The following general specifications shall supplement the dimensional data contained in the tables with respect to all unspecified detail
This SAE Information Report provides general information for installing and tightening fluid conductors and connectors. Following these guidelines, with the consistent proper use of torque wrenches, tightening procedures, and correct torque levels, will result in diminishing leaks and improving service life by avoiding hose twisting, tube binding, false torque, and improper joint closures. Since many factors influence the pressure at which a hydraulic system will or will not perform satisfactorily, this report should not be used as a “standard” nor a “specification,” and the values shown should not be construed as “guaranteed” minimums, maximums, or absolutes. This document is an information report to help users by gathering available information from the various connector standards and publishing the information in one source for easy retrieval and applied common usage. This SAE Information Report is primarily intended for mobile/stationary industrial equipment applications. Aircraft
This SAE Information Report is intended to provide design guidance in the selection of steel tubing and related tube fittings for general hydraulic system applications. The information presented herein is based on tubing products which conform to SAE and ISO standards listed in the reference section. All pressure rating data found in the charts included in this document are calculated per the formula found in ISO 10763 and the main body of this document
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to electrically powered hydraulic or mechanically operated platform devices which permit a person seated in a manual or powered wheelchair to enter or exit a personally licensed vehicle. The minimum performance and durability requirements are specified for satisfactory installation of wheelchair lifting devices in a personally licensed vehicle to be used by a person seated in a wheelchair to be lifted from the ground plane to the vehicle floor level in a reliable and safe manner
This SAE Standard covers normalized electric-resistance welded, cold-drawn, single-wall, low-carbon steel pressure tubing intended for use as pressure lines and in other applications requiring tubing of a quality suitable for bending, flaring, forming, and brazing. In an effort to standardize within a global marketplace and ensuring that companies can remain competitive in an international market it is the intent to convert to metric tube sizes which will: Lead to one global system Guide users to preferred system Reduce complexity Eliminate inventory duplications
These specifications cover the mechanical and chemical requirements, and surface discontinuities limits for carbon steel solid rivets used in automotive and other related industries
The SAE system of designating steels, described in SAE J402, classifies and numbers them according to chemical composition. In the case of the dent resistant, high strength and ultra high strength steels in SAE J2340, advanced high strength steels described in SAE J2745, and the high strength steels in SAE J1442 and the high-strength carbon and alloy die drawn steels in SAE J935, minimum mechanical property requirements have been included in the designations. In addition, hardenability data on most of the alloy steels and some of the carbon steels will be found in SAE J1268
This SAE Recommended Practice defines, illustrates, and specifies allowable limits for various types of surface discontinuities that may occur during the manufacture and processing of bolts, screws, and studs in sizes through 24 mm or 1 in diameter inclusive with lengths to 150 mm or 6 in inclusive, having specified minimum tensile strengths of 900 MPa or 120 000 psi and greater, which are primarily intended for use in automotive assemblies
This SAE Standard covers the mechanical and quality requirements for two grades of carbon steel, slotted, and recessed, 82 degrees flat countersunk, 82 degrees oval countersunk, pan, fillister, hex, and hex washer head machine screws in sizes No. 4 through 3/4 in for use automotive and related industries. The dimensions of these screws are covered in ASME B18.6.3
This Technical Information Report defines the proprietary diagnostic communication protocol for ABS or VSA ECU (Electronic Control Unit) implemented on some Honda vehicles. This protocol does not apply to all Honda vehicles. This document should be used in conjunction with SAE J2534-2 in order to fully implement the communication protocol in an enhanced SAE J2534 interface. The purpose of this document is to specify the requirements necessary to implement the communication protocol in an enhanced SAE J2534 interface
All carbon and alloy H-band steels are shown, along with their corresponding minimum and maximum hardenability limits, for which sufficient hardenability data have been established and for grades which use the standard end-quench test. As hardenability data are accumulated for other grades, this SAE Standard will be revised to include such grades
This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable to all E/E systems on MD and HD vehicles. The terms defined are largely focused on compression-ignited and spark-ignited engines. Specific applications of this document include diagnostic, service and repair manuals, bulletins and updates, training manuals, repair data bases, under-hood emission labels, and emission certification applications. This document focuses on diagnostic terms, definitions, abbreviations, and acronyms applicable to E/E systems. It also covers mechanical systems which require definition. Nothing in this document should be construed as prohibiting the introduction of a term, abbreviation, or acronym not covered by this document. The use and appropriate updating of this document is strongly encouraged. Certain terms have already been in common use and are readily understood by manufacturers and technicians, but do not follow the methodology of this document. These terms fall into three categories: a Acronyms that do not
Information that provides design guidance in avoiding fatigue failures is outlined in this SAE Information Report. Of necessity, this report is brief, but it does provide a basis for approaching complex fatigue problems. Information presented here can be used in preliminary design estimates of fatigue life, the selection of materials and the analysis of service load and/or strain data. The data presented are for the “low cycle” or strain-controlled methods for predicting fatigue behavior. Note that these methods may not be appropriate for materials with internal defects, such as cast irons, which exhibit different tension and compression stress-strain behavior
This is a guide intended to aid the user in the proper selection and application of rivets as a fastening means. It consists of general information on the advantages of riveting, various methods of riveting, selection of rivets and design considerations
This SAE Information Report describes the processing and fabrication of carbon and alloy steels. The basic steelmaking process including iron ore reduction, the uses of fluxes, and the various melting furnaces are briefly described. The various types of steels: killed, rimmed, semikilled, and capped are described in terms of their melting and microstructural differences and their end product use. This document also provides a list of the commonly specified elements used to alloy elemental iron into steel. Each element’s structural benefits and effects are also included. A list of the AISI Steel Products Manuals is included and describes the various finished shapes in which steel is produced
This SAE Recommended Practice covers the mechanical and quality requirements for steel tapping screws used in automotive and related industries. It does not apply to corrosion resistant (stainless) steel screws. (Dimensional requirements for most types of screws mentioned herein are covered in ASME B 18.6.4, Thread Forming and Thread Cutting Tapping Screws and Metallic Drive Screws
This SAE Standard covers the mechanical and material requirements for inch-series steel bolts, screws, studs, screws for sems1, and U-bolts2 in sizes to 1-1/2 in. inclusive. The term “stud” as referred to herein applies to a cylindrical rod of moderate length threaded on either one or both ends or throughout its entire length. It does not apply to headed, collared, or similar products which are more closely characterized by requirements shown herein for bolts. The mechanical properties included in Table 1 were compiled at an ambient temperature of approximately 20 °C (68 °F). These properties are valid within a temperature range which depends upon the material grade used and thermal and mechanical processing. Other properties such as fatigue behavior, corrosion resistance, impact properties, etc., are beyond the scope of this document and responsibility for ensuring the acceptability of the product for applications where conditions warrant consideration of these other properties shall
This SAE Standard covers the mechanical and material requirements for eight property classes of steel, externally threaded metric fasteners in sizes M1.6 through M36, inclusive, and suitable for use in automotive and related applications
This Technical Information Report defines the diagnostic communication protocol Keyword Protocol 1281 (KWP1281). This document should be used in conjunction with SAE J2534-2 in order to fully implement the communication protocol in an SAE J2534 interface. Some Volkswagen of America and Audi of America vehicles are equipped with ECUs, in which a KWP1281 proprietary diagnostic communication protocol is implemented. The purpose of this document is to specify the KWP1281 protocol in enough detail to support the requirements necessary to implement the communication protocol in an SAE J2534 interface device
This SAE Recommended Practice describes a unified numbering system (UNS) for metals and alloys which have a "commercial standing" (see 6.1), and covers the procedure by which such numbers are assigned. Section 2 describes the system of alphanumeric designations or "numbers" established for each family of metals and alloys. Section 3 outlines the organization established for administering the system. Section 4 describes the procedure for requesting number assignment to metals and alloys for which UNS numbers have not previously been assigned
This SAE Standard covers requirements for thread rolling screws suitable for use in general engineering applications. (It is intended that "thread rolling" screws have performance capabilities beyond those normally expected of other standard types of tapping screws.) NOTE—The performance requirements covered in this document apply only to the combination of laboratory conditions described in the testing procedures. If other conditions are encountered in an actual service application (such as different materials, thicknesses, hole sizes, etc.), values shown herein for drive torque, torque-to-clamp load, and proof torque may require adjustment
This SAE Standard prescribes the procedure for making hardenability tests and recording results on shallow and medium hardening steels, but not deep hardening steels that will normally air harden. Included are procedures using the 25 mm (1 in) standard hardenability end-quench specimen for both medium and shallow hardening steels and subsize method for bars less than 32 mm (1-1/4 in) in diameter. Methods for determining case hardenability of carburized steels are given in SAE J1975. Any hardenability test made under other conditions than those given in this document will not be deemed standard and will be subject to agreement between supplier and user. Whenever check tests are made, all laboratories concerned must arrange to use the same alternate procedure with reference to test specimen and method of grinding for hardness testing. For routine testing of the hardenability of successive heats of steel required to have hardenability within certain limits, it is sufficient to designate
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines the basic general design requirements for ground support equipment used in the civil air transport industry. It is intended to assist in standardizing requirements for various configurations of equipment. For procurement of equipment, sections of this document should be specified with due consideration of the functional and environmental requirements of the equipment, and to the relative cost of satisfying those requirements
In this SAE Recommended Practice, attention will be given to passenger cars and light trucks (through Class III
This SAE Recommended Practice is intended to provide basic information on properties and characteristics of high-strength carbon and alloy steels which have been subjected to special die drawing. This includes both cold drawing with heavier-than-normal drafts and die drawing at elevated temperatures
This SAE Standard establishes the requirements for a Class B Data Communication Network Interface applicable to all On-and OffRoad Land-Based Vehicles. It defines a minimum set of data communication requirements such that the resulting network is cost effective for simple applications and flexible enough to use in complex applications. Taken in total, the requirements contained in this document specify a data communications network that satisfies the needs of automotive manufacturers. This specification describes two specific implementations of the network, based on media/Physical Layer differences. One Physical Layer is optimized for a data rate of 10.4 Kbps while the other Physical Layer is optimized for a data rate of 41.6 Kbps (see Appendix A for a checklist of application-specific features). The Physical Layer parameters are specified as they would be detected on the network media, not within any particular module or integrated circuit implementation. Although devices may be
The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to specify the requirements necessary to fully define the Serial Data Communication Interface (SCI) used in the reprogramming of emission-related powertrain Electronic Control Units (ECU) in Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) vehicles. It is intended to satisfy new regulations proposed by the federal U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and California Air Resource Board (CARB) regulatory agencies regarding “pass-thru programming” of all On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) compliant emission-related powertrain devices. These requirements are necessary to provide independent automotive service organizations and after-market scan tool suppliers the ability to reprogram emission-related powertrain ECUs for all manufacturers of automotive vehicles. Specifically, this document details the SCI physical layer and SCI data link layer requirements necessary to establish communications between a diagnostic tester and an ECU. It further specifies additional
In 1941, the SAE Iron and Steel Division in collaboration with the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) made a major change in the method of expressing composition ranges for the SAE steels. The plan, as now applied, is based in general on narrower ladle analysis ranges plus certain product (check) analysis allowances on individual samples, in place of the fixed ranges and limits without tolerances formerly provided for carbon and other elements in SAE steels (reference SAE J408). ISTC Division 1 has developed a procedure which allows for the maintenance of the grade list in this SAE Standard. This will involve conducting an industry-wide survey to solicit input. This survey will be conducted at a frequency deemed necessary by the technical committee. Criteria have been established for the addition to or deletion of grades from the grade table. A new grade will be considered if it meets standard SAE grade ranges, has a minimum usage or production of 225 tonnes/year (250 tons/year
The methods included in this document are: a Voltage-Temperature Design Margins. b Voltage Interruptions and Transients. c Voltage Dropouts and Dips. d Current Draw Under a Number of Conditions. e Switch Input Noise These methods are best applied during the Development stage but can be used at all stages (e.g., Pre-Qualification, Qualification or Conformity
This SAE Standard provides a general method for defining the acceptable function performance status classification for the functions of automotive electronic devices upon application of the test conditions specified as described in appropriate EMC immunity test standards (for example, SAE J1113 and SAE J551). Testing of devices could be performed either on or off vehicles. Appropriate test signal and methods, Function Performance status, and test signal severity level would have to be specified in the individual cases
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