The results of the preliminary studies of water recycling for ESA are presented.
The main conclusion is that the treatments for all waste waters, except urine, should consist of
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1)
Pretreatment (acidification, H202-addition, and filtration)
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2)
Reverse osmosis
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3)
Oxidation (H2O2 + UV light)
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4)
Reverse osmosis (neutral pH)
Together with reject from reverse osmosis (RO), urine is treated by Vapour Compression Distillation (VCD).
Microbiological studies have been made, and practical experiments with RO on shower water are mentioned. It is shown that up to 98% recovery can be obtained with a power consumption of 45-60 Wh/liter.