International has developed a new generation 6.0L V8 DI diesel engine for the Ford F-Series full size pick-up trucks. This new engine features a number of state-of-the-art technologies designed to meet the US 2004 heavy-duty engine emission legislation and other requirements from the customers.
A set of combustion development strategies was created. They were, the use of cooled Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) to inhibit NOx formation, a centrally located nozzle and an optimized combustion bowl to improve fuel distribution and reduce soot formation, the use of increased injection pressure to enhance air/fuel mixing and increase soot oxidation rate, and a Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT) to provide sufficient air/fuel ratio over a broad speed range.
The combustion development took full advantage of the “virtual lab” tools. For example, a three-dimensional CFD tool was used to optimize the EGR distribution, and a multi-dimensional code for chemically reactive flows with sprays, KIVA, is depended on heavily to screen the combustion bowl designs.
These development strategies were proven to be very successful. The final emission data on the new 6.0L V8 engine are in full compliance with the US 2004 heavy-duty engine emission legislation while the performance, the fuel economy and other attributes show significant improvement over its predecessor, the 7.3L V8 engine.