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Spacecraft Thermal Balance
- Aerospace Standard
- AIR1168/12
- Issued
Downloadable datasets available
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Issuing Committee:
Language:
English
Scope
In the design of spacecraft, heat transfer becomes a criterion of operation to maintain structural and equipment integrity over long periods of time.
The spacecraft thermal balance between cold space and solar, planetary, and equipment heat sources is the means by which the desired range of equipment and structural temperatures are obtained. With the total spacecraft balance set, subsystem and component temperatures can be analyzed for their corresponding thermal requirements.
This section provides the means by which first-cut approximations of spacecraft surface, structure, and equipment temperatures may be made, using the curves of planetary and solar heat flux in conjunction with the desired coating radiative properties. Once the coating properties have been determined, the material to provide these requirements may be selected from the extensive thermal radiative properties tables and curves.
These can then be cross checked to determine the degradation effects of space that may cause extensive temperature changes over long periods of time. The paragraphs reviewing previous spacecraft thermal designs, test facilities, and methods of testing should be used as a guide in the development of a design. This section assumes that the reader is familiar with the methods of thermal analyzer techniques and has available, through SHARE or other agencies, multinodal programs to solve the detailed temperature distributions required to complete a design.
Data Sets - Support Documents
| Title | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Unnamed Dataset 1 | ||
| TABLE 1 | Planetary Constants for Thermal Design | |
| TABLE 2 | Thermal Radiation Properties of Materials | |
| TABLE 3 | Normal Total Emittance of Inconel X (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 4 | Total Solar Absorptance of Inconel X (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 5 | Hemispherical Total Emittance of Molybdenum (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 7 | Normal Total Emittance of K-Monel 5700 (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 8 | Total Solar Absorptance of K-Monel 5700 (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 9 | Normal Total Emittance of Stainless Steel Type 301 (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 10 | Total Solar Absorptance of Stainless Steel Type 301 at 100 °F (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 11 | Normal Total Emittance of Stainless Steel Type 316 (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 12 | Total Solar Absorptance of Stainless Steel Type 316 at 100 °F (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 13 | Normal Total Emittance of Stainless Steel Type 347 (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 14 | Total Solar Absorptance of Stainless Steel Type 347 at 100 °F (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 15 | Normal Total Emittance of Stainless Steel Type 18-8 (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 16 | Hemispherical Total Emittance of Tantalum (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 17 | Normal Total Emittance of Tantalum (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 19 | Hemispherical Total Emittance of Tungsten (Reference Information for ) | |
| TABLE 20 | Fluid Properties | |
| TABLE 21 | NASA-Goddard and General Electric Facilities | |
| TABLE 22 | Characteristics of a Xenon (Xe) and Two Mercury-Xenon (Hg-Xe) Compact Arc Lamps for D-C Operation | |
| TABLE 23 | Ultraviolet Degradation Effects | |
| TABLE 24 | Ultraviolet Effects Data (Optical) | |
| TABLE 25 | Commercial Organic Polymer Films Exposed to Ultraviolet Radiation and High Vacuum | |
| TABLE 26 | Test Surfaces | |
| TABLE 27 | Characteristics of Lamps Used in S-16 Experiment ( and ) | |
| TABLE 28 | Annual Radiation Doses Received in Circular Polar Orbits | |
| TABLE 29 | Materials Tested | |
| TABLE 30 | Ceramic Glass and Optical Materials | |
| TABLE 31 | Variation of Optical Properties and Equilibrium Temperatures of Metal Discs with Exposure |
Issuing Committee
AC-9 Aircraft Environmental Systems Committee
Furthers the advancement of technology related to the research, design, test and utilization of aircraft environmental and anti-icing/deicing systems. Develops and updates standards, recommended practices, and information reports contributing to the quality, economy, and safety of commercial and military aircraft.
Reference
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