This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
PLIF Imaging of NO Formation in a DI Diesel Engine
1
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
NO formation during direct-injection (DI) diesel combustion has been investigated using planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) imaging. Measurements were made at a typical medium-speed operating condition in a heavy-duty size-class engine modified for optical access. By combining a unique laser system with a particular spectroscopic scheme, single-shot NO images were obtained at realistic operating conditions with negligible O2 interference. Temporal sequences of NO PLIF images are presented along with corresponding images of combined elastic scattering and natural luminosity. These images show the location and timing of the NO formation relative to the other components of the reacting fuel jet. In addition, total NO formation was examined by integrating the NO PLIF signal over a large fraction of the combustion-chamber volume. These total NO measurements are corrected for the effects of pressure, temperature, and mixing so that a quantitative measure of the NO-formation time history is obtained.
The NO PLIF data strongly support and extend the conceptual model of DI diesel combustion recently presented by one of the authors. The images show that NO is not produced by the initial premixed combustion (which is fuel-rich), but begins around the jet periphery just after the diffusion flame forms. NO formation then increases progressively throughout the remainder of the combustion event, with the NO being confined to the jet periphery until the jet structure begins to disappear toward the end of the apparent heat release. The data also show that NO formation continues in the hot post-combustion gases after the end of the apparent heat release, for the operating condition studied.
Recommended Content
Technical Paper | Second Law Analysis of Turbocharged Engine Operation |
Technical Paper | Inhomogeneities in HCCI Combustion: An Imaging Study |
Technical Paper | A New Experimental Method for Determining Port Generated Swirl Flow |
Citation
Dec, J. and Canaan, R., "PLIF Imaging of NO Formation in a DI Diesel EngineAlso In
References
- Voiculescu, I. A. Borman, G. L. “An Experimental Study of Diesel Engine Cylinder-Averaged NO x Histories,” SAE Transactions 87 1001 1014 780228 1978
- Chan, T. T. Borman, G. L. “An Experimental Study of Swirl and EGR Effects on Diesel Combustion by Use of the Dumping Method,” SAE Transactions 91 1384 1393 820359 1982
- Donahue, R. J. Borman, G. L. Bower, G. R. “Cylinder-Averaged Histories of Nitrogen Oxide in a D.I. Diesel with Simulated Turbocharging,” SAE paper no. 942046 1994
- Aoyagi, Y. Kamimoto, T. Matsui, Y. Matsuoka, S. “A Gas Sampling Study on the Formation Processes of Soot and NO in a DI Diesel Engine,” SAE Transactions 89 1175 1189 800254 1980
- Alatas, B. Pinson, J. A. Litzinger, T. A. Santavicca, D. A. “A Study of NO and Soot Evolution in a DI Diesel Engine via Planar Imaging,” SAE Transactions 102 1463 1473 930973 1993
- Nakagawa, H. Endo, H. Deguchi, Y. Noda, M. Oikawa, H. Shimada, T. “NO Measurement in Diesel Spray Flame Using Laser Induced Fluorescence,” SAE paper no. 970874 1997
- Dec, J. E. “A Conceptual Model of Diesel Combustion Based on Laser-Sheet Imaging,” SAE paper no. 970873 1997
- zur Loye, A. O. Siebers, D. L. McKinley, T. L. Ng, H. K. Primus, R. J. “Cycle-Resolved LDV Measurements in a Motored Diesel Engine and Comparison with k-e Model Predictions,” SAE Transactions 98 1142 1158 890618 1989
- Espey, C. Dec, J. E. “Diesel Engine Combustion Studies in a Newly Designed Optical-Access Engine Using High-Speed Visualization and 2-D Laser Imaging,” SAE Transactions 102 703 723 930971 1993
- Dec, J. E. Espey, C. “Ignition and Early Soot Formation in a D.I. Diesel Engine Using Multiple 2-D Imaging Diagnostics,” SAE Transactions 104 853 875 950456 1995
- Espey, C. Dec, J. E. Litzinger, T. A. Santavicca, D. A. “Planar Laser Rayleigh Scattering for Quantitative Vapor-Fuel Imaging in a Diesel Jet,” Combustion and Flame 109 65 86 1997
- Dec, J. E. Coy, E. B. “OH Radical Imaging in a DI Diesel Engine and the Structure of the Early Diffusion Flame,” SAE Transactions 105 1127 1148 960831 1996
- Canaan, R. E. Dec, J. E Green, R. M. Daly D. T. “The Influence of Fuel Volatility on the Liquid-Phase Fuel Penetration in a Heavy-Duty D.I. Diesel Engine,” 1998 SAE International Congress 980510 1998
- Heywood, J. B. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals McGraw-Hill New York 1988
- Espey, C. Dec, J. E. “The Effect of TDC Temperature and Density on the Liquid-Phase Fuel Penetration in a D.I. Diesel Engine,” SAE Transactions 104 1400 1414 952456 1995
- DiRosa, M. D. Klavuhn, K. G. Hanson, R. K. “LIF Spectroscopy of NO and O 2 in High-Pressure Flames,” Combust. Sci. and Tech. 118 257 283 1996
- Chang, A. Y. DiRosa, M. D. Hanson, R. K. “Temperature Dependence of Collision Broadening and Shift in the NO ÄX (0,0) Band in the Presence of Argon and Nitrogen,” J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 47 5 375 390 1992
- Vyrodov, A. O. Heinze, J. Meier, U. E. “Collisional Broadening of Spectral Lines in the A-X (0,0) System of NO by N 2 , Ar, and He at Elevated Pressures Measured by Laser-Induced Fluorescence,” J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 53 3 277 287 1995
- Paul, P. H. Carter, C. D. Gray, J. A. Durant, J. L. Thoman, J. W. Furlanetto, M. R. “Correlations for the NO A 2 ? + (v′=0) Electronic Quenching Cross-Section,” Sandia National Laboratories Report number SAND94-8237 2 UC-1423 1995
- Paul, P. H. Sandia National Laboratories Livermore, CA 1997
- Dec, J. E. “Soot Distribution in a D.I. Diesel Engine using 2-D Imaging of Laser-Induced Incandescence, Elastic Scattering, and Flame Luminosity,” SAE Transactions 101 101 112 920115 1992
- Paul, P. H. Gray, J. A. Durant, J. L. Thoman, J. W. “Collisional Quenching Corrections for Laser-Induced Fluorescence Measurements of NO A 2 ? + ,” AIAA Journal 32 8 1670 1675 1994
- Paul, P. H. “Calculations of Transition Frequencies and Rotational Line Strengths in the ?-Bands of Nitric Oxide,” J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 57 5 581 589 1997
- Glarborg, P. Miller, J. A. Kee, R. J. “Kinetic Modeling and Sensitivity Analysis of Nitrogen Oxide Formation in Well-Stirred Reactors,” Combustion and Flame 65 177 202 1986
- Miller, J. A. Bowman, C. T. “Mechanism and Modeling of Nitrogen Chemistry in Combustion,” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 15 287 338 1989
- Alkidas, A. C. “On the Premixed Combustion in a Direct-Injection Diesel Engine,” ASME paper no. 86-ICE-4 1986