This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
A Survey of Automotive Catalyst Technologies Using Rapid Aging Test Schedules Which Incorporate Engine Oil Derived Poisons
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Automotive catalysts deactivate by thermal and poison mechanisms. Thermal degradation reduces catalyst efficiency by both agglomeration of precious metals and by reduction in surface area of the washcoat. Engine oil derived poisons degrade catalyst performance by coating the outer surface of the washcoat. Numerous catalyst technologies are aged using accelerated dynamometer aging schedules that simulate the thermal and poison degradation of field aged catalysts. Pd, Pd/Rh, Pt/Pd/Rh, and Pt/Rh catalyst technologies are aged and evaluated on various rapid aging test (RATsm) schedules in an effort to ascertain what catalyst technologies may be best for low temperature and high temperature applications. The performance of these catalyst technologies are evaluated on an air/fuel sweep test and a 3.8L auto-driver FTP stand. Results show that the RATsm schedule applies a phosphorus poison distribution (due to engine oil consumption) similar to vehicle aged catalysts.
Recommended Content
Technical Paper | Use of Dispersants/Detergents in Diesel Injector Keep Clean and Clean Up Studies |
Technical Paper | Metal Supported Catalysts for Automotive Applications |
Technical Paper | Scavenger and Lead Poisoning of Automotive Oxidation Catalysts |
Authors
Citation
Ball, D. and Kirby, C., "A Survey of Automotive Catalyst Technologies Using Rapid Aging Test Schedules Which Incorporate Engine Oil Derived Poisons," SAE Technical Paper 973050, 1997, https://doi.org/10.4271/973050.Also In
References
- Giacomazzi, R.A. Holfeld, M.F. “The Effect of Lead, Sulfur and Phosphorus on the Deterioration on Two Oxidizing Bead Type Catalysts” SAE Paper # 730595 1973
- Shelef M. Dalla Betta R.A. Larson J.A. Otto K. Yao H.C. “Poisoning of Monolith Noble Metal Oxidation Catalysts in Automotive Exhaust Environment” AICHE 74th National Meeting New Orelans 1973
- Monroe D. R. “Phosphorus and Lead Poisoning of Pelleted Three-Way Catalysts” SAE Paper # 800859 1980
- Angele B. Kirchner K. “The Poisoning of Noble Metal Catalysts by Phosphorus Compounds-III: The Deposition of Catalysts Poisons in Honeycomb Catalysts” Chem. Eng. Sci. 1980 35 2101
- Williamson W.B. Perry J. Goss R. Gandi H. Beason R. “Catalyst Deactivation Due to Glaze Formation for Oil-Derived Phosphorus and Zinc.” SAE Paper # 841406 1984
- Joy G. Molinaro F. Homeier E. “Influence of Phosphorus on Three-Component Control Catalysts: Catalyst Durability and Characterization Studies.” SAE Paper # 852099 1985
- More K.L. Joslin D.L. Coffey D.W. Greer T.S. Monroe D. “Microstructural Evaluation of Phosphorus Poisoning as a De-Activation Mechanism in Automotive Catalysts” Oral presentation at SAE October Fuel and Lubricant Meeting San Antonio October 1996
- Drury C. Whitehouse S. “The Effect of Lubricant Phosphorus Level on Exhaust Emissions in a Field trial of Gasoline Engine Vehicles” SAE Paper # 940745 1994
- Culley, S.A. Mc Donnell, T.F. “The Impact of Passenger Car Motor Oil Phosphorus Levels on Engine Durability, Oil Degradation and Exhaust Emissions on a Field Trail” SAE Paper # 952344 1995
- Culley S.A. Mc Donnell T.F. Ball D.J. Kirby C.W. Hawes S.W. “The Impact of Passenger Car Motor Oil on Automotive Emissions Control Systems” SAE Paper # 961898 1996
- Beck D. Monroe D. DiMaggio C. Sommers J. “Axial Characterization of Lightoff and Underfloor Catalytic Converters Vehicle Aged on a 5.7L Corvette” SAE Paper # 952416 1995
- Ball D.J. Mohammed A.G. Schmidt W.A. “Application of an Accelerated Rapid Aging Test (RAT sm ) Schedule with Poisons: The Effects of Oil Derived Poisons, Thermal Degradation and Catalyst Volume on FTP Emissions” SAE Paper 972846 1997
- Yao H.C. Stepien Sh. K. Gandi H.S. “Metal Support Interactions in Automotive Exhaust Catalysts: Rh-Washcoat Interaction” J. of Catalysts 61 547 1980
- Stepien H.K. Williamson W.B. Gandi H.S. “Development of Thermal-resistant Rhodium Catalysts” SAE report 800843 1980
- Minkiewicz J.V. Cooper B.J. Baxter M.R. “Zirconia Supported Pt/Rh Three-Way Catalysts for High Temperature Operation AIChE Summer National Meeting Detroit, MI. 1981
- Cooper B.J. Truex T.J. “Operational Criteria Affacting the Design of Thermally Stable Single-Bed Three-Way CAtlaysts” SAE report 850128 1985
- Wan C.Z. Dettling J.C. “Effective Rhodium Utilization in Automotive Exhaust Catalysts” SAE report 860566 1986
- Mercera P. D.L. Van Ommen J.G. Doesbury E.B.M. Burgraaf A.J. Ross J.R.H. “Zirconia as a Support for Catalysts” Applied Catalysts 57 127 148 1980
- Ball D.J. “A Warm-up - Underfloor Converter Parametric Study: Effects of Catalyst Technology on Emission Performance” SAE Paper # 961905 1996
- Ball D.J. “Distribution of Warm-up and Underfloor Catalyst Volumes” SAE Paper # 922338 1992