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Demonstration of Lean Nox Catalytic Converter Technology on a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine
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Abstract
Experimental catalysts for the reduction of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) were evaluated on a 258-horsepower (192 kW) direct-injection heavy-duty diesel engine. An experimental reductant delivery system provided supplementary hydrocarbons for the reduction of NOx. Initially, diesel fuel was used as the supplementary reductant. Early experiments resulted in a 10 to 17 percent reduction in NOx emissions when tested using the heavy-duty engine transient Federal Test Procedure (FTP), and a 30 to 40 percent reduction at selected steady-state catalyst inlet temperatures. A fuel economy penalty of five percent was measured for initial FTP experiments. Emissions of total hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM) tended to increase during initial experiments with the addition of the supplemental reductant, but these emissions decreased with the incorporation of improved catalyst formulations and reductant fuel spray calibrations. Additional experiments were performed with ethanol and toluene as supplemental NOx reducing agents. Emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) were measured and found to increase when NOx emissions were reduced. Steady-state emissions tests revealed a very narrow temperature window for NOx reduction. Initial project results are encouraging, but further catalyst and system development is required to meet future emissions performance and durability requirements.
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Citation
Heimrich, M., "Demonstration of Lean Nox Catalytic Converter Technology on a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine," SAE Technical Paper 970755, 1997, https://doi.org/10.4271/970755.Also In
Diesel Engine Combustion Processes and Emission Control Technologies
Number: SP-1246; Published: 1997-02-24
Number: SP-1246; Published: 1997-02-24
References
- “Request for Proposals” “Demonstration of a Non-Additive Lean NO x Catalytic Converter for Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles,” State of California Air Resources Board September 14 1992
- Heimrich, M. J. “Demonstration of a Non-Additive Lean NO x Catalytic Converter for Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles,” Task 2 Interim Report to the State of California Air Resources Board June 1 1994
- Heimrich, M. J. “Demonstration of Lean NO x Catalytic Converter Technology on a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine,” Final Report prepared for the State of California Air Resources Board May 1996
- Heimrich, M. J. “Diesel NO x Catalytic Converter Development - A Review,” ASME Paper presented at the International Combustion Engine Division 1994 Fall Technical Conference October 2-5 1994 Reprinted in the Transactions of the ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 118 July 1996 668 672