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Development of the 6.8L V10 Heat Resisting Cast-Steel Exhaust Manifold
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Abstract
This paper presents the experience of Ford Motor Company and Hitachi Metals Ltd., in the development and design of the exhaust manifolds for the new 1997 Ford 6.8L, Vl0 gasoline truck engine. Due to the high-exhaust temperature 1000 °C (1832 °F), heat-resisting nodular graphite irons, such as high-silicon molybdenum iron and austenitic iron with nickel cannot meet the durability requirements, mainly thermal fatigue evaluation. The joint effort by both companies include initial manifold design, prototype development, engine simulation bench testing, failure analysis, material selections (ferritic or austenitic cast steel), production processes (casting, machining) and final inspection.
This experience can well be applied to the design and development of new cast stainless-steel exhaust manifolds in the future. This is valid due to the fact that US EPA is requiring all car manufacturers to meet the new Bag 6-Emission Standards which will result in increased exhaust gas temperature.
In addition, engine performance, high-speed driving, vehicle durability are all important considerations during the selection of materials and the design of exhaust components.
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Chen, P., Lyons, R., Rakoczy, M., Otsuka, K. et al., "Development of the 6.8L V10 Heat Resisting Cast-Steel Exhaust Manifold," SAE Technical Paper 962169, 1996, https://doi.org/10.4271/962169.Also In
References
- Akiyama K. Ike M. Otsuka K. Itoh K. “Development of Heat Resistant Cast Steel for Exhaust Manifolds” Int. J. of Materials and Product Technology 6 3 1991
- Shimamoto T. Asano K. Shioya Y. Ando S. “Development of the Stainless Cast-Steel Exhaust Manifold” SAE Paper No. 930621
- Akiyama K. Ike M. Otsuka K. Tsuda M. “Analysis of Thermal Fatigue Resistance of Engine Exhaust Parts” SAE Paper No. 910430