This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Exercise Countermeasures: Optimizing Human Performance for Space
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Prolonged microgravity exposures induce physiological changes that result in deconditioning of the cardiovascular, neurosensory, and musculoskeletal systems. These changes may have important implications as flight durations lengthen and specific mission tasks place higher demands on crewmembers (e.g., space station construction, extravehicular activity contingencies, emergency egress). Historically, the United States and Russia have incorporated a variety of countermeasures in an effort to maintain human health and performance of crewmembers before, during, and after space flight. The NASA countermeasure strategy is focused on the validation of exercise prescriptions and systems for a variety of flight programs: Space Shuttle, Mir, and International Space Station (ISS). The development and implementation of exercise countermeasure prescriptions and modalities require: 1) an understanding of the performance requirements for specific occupational activities and physiological alterations resulting from space flight; 2) hardware integration based on resource allocation of the specific flight program/vehicle and; 3) the ability to customize protocols for each crewmember based on individual mission assignments, baseline fitness status, and available provisions (e.g., time, training, and hardware). This consolidated strategy is designed to provide a comprehensive exercise countermeasure system for optimizing human performance and assuring crew safety as space travel evolves into the next century.
Authors
Topic
Citation
Hayes, J., "Exercise Countermeasures: Optimizing Human Performance for Space," SAE Technical Paper 961346, 1996, https://doi.org/10.4271/961346.Also In
References
- Bishop, PA Greenisen, MC Limitations to the study of man in space in the US space program Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 1993 64 238 42
- Cavanagh, PR Buczeck, FL Milliron, MJ The Kinematics of Locomotion in Space: A Final Report to KRUG International September 1987
- Convertino, VA Physiological Adaptations to Weightlessness: Effects on Exercise and Work Performance Exer. Sport Science Reviews 18 April 1990
- Crew Health Care System (CHeCS) Government Furnished Equipment (GFE) Hardware Specifications, International Space Station Program February 1996
- Harris, BA Stewart, DF Workshop on Exercise Prescription for Long Duration Space Flight NASA Conf. Publication 3051 1986
- Hayes, JC Harris, BA Space Station Requirements for In-Flight Exercise Countermeasures SAE 901259 July 1989
- Hayes, JC Stewart, DF Harris, BA Siconolfi, SF Greenisen, MC LaRochelle, FT Program development for exercise countermeasures SAE 921140 July 1992
- Johnston, RS Dietlein, LF Biomedical Results from Skylab 1977
- JSC-12820 Space Shuttle Operational Flight Rules AeroMed Rule 13-23 Mission Duration Build-up Constraints
- 1992 In-flight Medical Requirements for a Crew Health Care System for Space Station Freedom
- Appendix K of the Space Shuttle Crew Procedures Management Plan: Crew Scheduling Constraints NASA 1987
- Nicogossian, AE Huntoon, CL Pool, SL Space Physiology and Medicine Third Lea & Febiger 1994
- White, RJ Leonard, JI Rummel, JA Leach, CS A systems approach to the physiology of weightlessness J Medical Systems 1982 6 4 343 58