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Advances in Durability and Performance of Ceramic Preconverter Systems
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Abstract
Ceramic preconverters have become a viable strategy to meet the California LEV and ULEV standards. To minimize cold start emissions the preconverter must light-off quickly and be catalytically efficient. In addition, it must also survive the more severe thermomechanical requirements posed by its close proximity to the engine. The viability of the ceramic preconverter system to meet both emissions and durability requirements has also been reported recently(1,2). This paper further investigates the impact preconverter design parameters such as cell density, composition, volume, and catalyst technology have on emissions and pressure drop. In addition, different preconverter/main converter configurations in conjunction with electrically heated catalyst systems are evaluated. The results demonstrate that ceramic preconverters substantially reduce cold start emissions. Their effectiveness depends on preconverter design and volume, catalyst technology, and the system configuration.
The preconverter durability is evaluated by both on-vehicle testing and hot vibration testing. Eight preconverters, following aging for 160,000 km on 3.0 and 4.0 liter vehicles, showed no significant degradation in their mechanical integrity with only minimal degradation of the catalytic activity. In addition, advanced packaging designs have extended the life of the ceramic preconverter system to nearly 100 hours in limited hot vibration testing at 75 g's, 185 Hz with an inlet gas temperature of 900°C.
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Citation
Socha, L., Gulati, S., Locker, R., Then, P. et al., "Advances in Durability and Performance of Ceramic Preconverter Systems," SAE Technical Paper 950407, 1995, https://doi.org/10.4271/950407.Also In
References
- “Design Considerations for a Ceramic Preconverter System,” SAE 940744 Gulati, S. T. Socha, L. S. Then, P. M. Stroom, P. D. February 1994
- “Design and Performance of a Ceramic Preconverter System, CAPoC-3,” Gulati, S. T. Socha, L. S. Then, P.M. Brussels, Belgium April 1994
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- “The Design of a New Ceramic Catalyst Support,” SAE Paper 902167 Day, J. P. October 1990
- “New Developments in Catalytic Converter Durability,” Catalyst and Automotive Pollution Control II September 1990 Brussels, Belgium Gulati, S.T.
- “Reduced Energy and Power Consumption For Electrically Heated Extruded Metal Converters,” SAE Paper 930383 Socha, L. S. Thompson, D. F. Weber, P.A. February 1993
- “Optimization Of An Electrically-Heated Catalytic Converter System Calculations And Application,” SAE Paper 930384 Kaiser, F. W. Maus, W. Swars, H. Bruck, R. February 1993
- “Optimization Of Extruded Electrically Heated Catalysts,” SAE Paper 940468 Socha, L. S. Thompson, D.F. Weber, P.A. March 1994
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