This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
A Model for Converting SI Engine Flame Arrival Signals into Flame Contours
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
A model which converts flame arrival times at a head gasket ionization probe, used in a spark-ignition engine, into flame contours has been developed. The head gasket was manufactured at MIT using printed circuit board techniques. It has eight electrodes symmetrically spaced around the circumference (top of cylinder liner) and it replaces the conventional head gasket. The model is based on engine flame propagation rate data taken from the literature. Data from optical studies of S.I. engine combustion or studies utilizing optical fiber or ionization probe diagnostics were analyzed in terms of the apparent flame speed and the entrainment speed (flame speed relative to the fluid ahead of the flame). This gives a scaling relationship between the flame speed and the mass fraction burned which is generic and independent of the chamber shape.
Experiments were run to check the accuracy of the model's predictions at 18 different operating conditions, including variations of equivalence ratio, engine speed, and flowfield inside the combustion chamber. Measurements of flame arrival time at three intermediate points between the spark plug and the liner with ionization probes and optical fibers were used to check the model predictions. The overall agreement between the model and the experiments was good. Calculations were also done using a thermodynamic burn rate analysis which gave the mass fraction of the mixture burned at a given time. These were compared to mass fraction burned predictions based on the model-generated flame contours and good agreement was obtained.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Hadjiconstantinou, N. and Heywood, J., "A Model for Converting SI Engine Flame Arrival Signals into Flame Contours," SAE Technical Paper 950109, 1995, https://doi.org/10.4271/950109.Also In
References
- Schnaufer, K. “Engine-Cylinder Flame Propagation Studied by new Methods” SAE Transactions 34 1934
- Witze, P. “Cycle-Resolved Multipoint Ionization Probes Measurements in a Spark Ignition Engine” SAE Paper 892099 1989
- Witze, P. Bopp, S. “Investigation of In-Cylinder Fluid Motion Using a Head Gasket Instrumented with Ionization Probes” SAE Paper 910719 1991
- Nicholson, D. Witze, P. “Flame Location Measurements in a Production Engine Using Ionization Probes Embodied in a Printed-Circuit-Board Head Gasket” SAE Paper 930390 1993
- Salvat, O. P. Cheng, A. S. Cheng, W. K. Heywood, J. B. “Flame Shape Determination Using an Optical-Fiber Spark Plug and a Head Gasket Ionization Probe” SAE Paper 941987 1994
- Heywood, J.B. “Combustion and its Modeling in Spark Ignition Engines” COMODIA 94, Third International Symposium on Diagnostics and Modelling of Combustion in Internal Combustion Engines Yokohama, Japan July 11-14 1994 1 15
- Spicher, U. Backer, H. “Correlation of Flame Propagation and In-Cylinder Pressure in a Spark Ignition Engine” SAE Paper 902126 1990
- Baritaud, T. A. “Combustion and Fluid Dynamic Measurements in a Spark Ignition Engine: Effects of Thermochemistry and Velocity Field; Turbulent Flame Speeds” SAE Paper 892098 1989
- Witze, P. O. Mendes-Lopes, J. M. C. “Direct Measurement of the Turbulent Burning Velocity in a Homogeneous-Charge Engine” SAE Paper 861531 1986
- Beretta, P. G. “Thermodynamic Analysis of Turbulent Combustion in a Spark Ignition Engine. Experimetal Evidence and Analytical Methods” Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1980
- Blizard, N.C. Keck J. C. “Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Turbulent Burning Model for Internal Combustion Engines” SAE Paper 740191 1974
- Beretta, G.P. Rashidi, M. Keck, J.C. “Thermodynamic Analysis of TurbulentCombustion in a Spark Ignition Engine. Experimental Evidence” 1980 Spring Meeting, Western States Section The Combustion Institute
- McCuiston, F.D. Lavoie, G. A. “Validation of a Turbulent Flame Propagation Model for a Spark Ignition Engine” SAE Paper 770045 1977
- Hires, S. D. Tabaczynski, R. J. Novak, J. M. “The Prediction of Ignition Delay and Combustion Intervals for a Homogeneous Charge, Spark Ignition Engine” SAE Paper 780232 1978
- Tabaczynski, R. J. Ferguson, C. R. Radhakrishnan K. “A Turbulent Entrainment Model for Spark-Ignition Engine Combustion” SAE Paper 770647 1977
- Maly, R. R Herweg, R. “A Fundamental Model for Flame Kernel Formation in S.I. Engines” SAE Paper 922243 1992
- Boulouchos, K. Steiner, T. Dimopoulos, P. “Investigation of Flame Speed Models for the Flame Growth Period During Premixed Engine Combustion” SAE Paper 940476 1994
- Andrews, G. E. Bradley, D. Lwakabamba S. B. “Turbulence and Turbulent Flame Propagation --A Critical Appraisal” Combustion and Flame 24 285 304 1975
- Abdel-Gayed R.G. Bradley D. Lawes., M. “Turbulent burning Velocities: a General Correlation in Terms of Straining Rates” Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 414 389 413 1987
- Schetinkov, E.S. “Calculation of Flame Propagation in a Turbulent Flow” Combustion in Turbulent Flow Khitrin L. N. Moscow 1963 1 40
- Wright, F.H. Zukoski, E.E. “Flame Spreading from Bluff-Body Flame Holders” Eighth Symposium (International) on Combustion Williams and Wilkins 933 943 1962
- Cheung, H. Heywood, J.B. “Evaluation of a One-Zone Burn-Rate Analysis Procedure Using Production SI Engine Data” SAE Paper 932749 1993