This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
A Physical Mechanism for Deposit Formation in a Combustion Chamber
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Combustion chamber deposits in an internal combustion engine are known to impair engine performance. Using a variable temperature probe and retrievable sampling coupons, this study shows that the deposit-forming rate is inversely related to surface temperature, and directly related to the stabilized deposit weight. Together with the well-recognized fact that deposits are good thermal insulators, a deposit-forming mechanism is proposed. As combustion chamber deposits form, in essence the chamber surface is coated with thermal insulators, layer after layer. Consequently, the surface temperature will rise as the deposit grows.
The previously derived critical surface temperature of 310°C is found to be valid in this study for fuel-derived deposits. Furthermore, a critical surface temperature also exists for oil-derived deposits, except that the critical surface temperature is about 60°C higher than that for fuel-derived deposits.
Recommended Content
Authors
Citation
Cheng, S., "A Physical Mechanism for Deposit Formation in a Combustion Chamber," SAE Technical Paper 941892, 1994, https://doi.org/10.4271/941892.Also In
Gasoline: Composition and Additives to Meet the Performance and Emission Requirements of the Nineties
Number: SP-1054; Published: 1994-10-01
Number: SP-1054; Published: 1994-10-01
References
- Mikita, J. J. Bettoney, W. E. “Combustion chamber deposits and their effects on engine fuel requirement” Oil Gas J. 52 84 July 1953
- Melby, A. O. Diggs, D. R. Sturgis, B. M. “An investigation of preignition in engines” SAE Journal 42 Jan. 1954
- Gibson, H. J. Hall, C. A. Huffman, A. E. “Combustion-chamber deposition and power loss” SAE Transaction 6 594 1952
- Cleveland, A. E. Enoch, O. “Combustion chamber deposits and their relationship to power loss” SAE Paper No. 520066 SAE Paper No. 742 1952
- LoRusso, J. A. Kaiser, E. W. Lavoie, G. A. “In-cylinder sampling valve measurements of hydrocarbons in a spark ignited engine” Combustion Institute Meeting Eastern States, Atlanta Nov. 1979
- Bitting, W. H. Firmstone, G. P. Keller C. T. “Effects of combustion chamber deposits on tailpipe emissions” SAE Paper No. 940345 1994
- Warren, Joel “Combustion-chamber deposits and octane-number requirement” SAE Paper No. 540265 , SAE Trans. 62 1954 582 591
- Gibson, H. J. Hall, C. A. Hirschler, D. A. SAE Transaction 61 361 1953
- “Octane requirement increase of 1990 and 1991 model vehicles” CRC Report No. 581 Jun 1992
- Callison, J. C. Wusz, T. Biller, W. F. SAE Paper No. 892036
- Coordinating Research Council, Inc. CRC Nov 1993
- Moore, S. M. “Combustion chamber deposit interference effects in late model vehicles” SAE Paper No. 940385
- Adamczyk, A. A. Kach, R. A. “The effect of engine deposit layers on hydrocarbon emissions from closed vessel combustion” 193 47 Combustion Science and Technology 1986
- Bower, Stanley L. Jr. Litzinger, Thomas A. Frottier, Vincent “The effect of fuel composition and engine deposits on emissions from a spark ignition engine” SAE Paper No. 932707
- Graiff, L. B. “Some new aspects of deposit effects on engine octane requirement increase and fuel economy” SAE Paper No. 790938
- Nakamura, Y. Yonekawa, Y. Okamoto, N. “The effect of combustion chamber deposits on octane requirement increase and fuel economy” in Chemistry of Engine Combustion Deposits 199 Plenum Press New York 1985
- Kalghatgi, Gautam T. “Deposits in gasoline engines-A literature review” SAE Paper No. 902105
- Cheng, Shi-wai S. Kim, Changsoo “Effect of engine operating parameters on engine combustion chamber deposits” SAE Paper No. 902108
- Leschiutta, M. C. Eng, J. A. Martin, J. K. “Dynamic piston position measurements using a laser range-finding technique” SAE Paper No. 900482
- Cheng, Shi-wai S. “The effects of engine oils on intake valve deposits and combustion chamber deposits” SAE Paper No. 932810
- Adams, K. M. Baker, R. E. “Effects of combustion chamber deposit location and composition” in Chemistry of Engine Combustion Deposits 19 Plenum Press New York 1985
- Swank, L. R. Caverly, J. C. Galietti, C. A. “Correlation of exhaust valve temperatures with engine Reynolds number in a 1.9 L engine” SAE Paper No. 920063
- Raine, R. R. Jones, G. M. “Comparison of temperatures measured in natural gas and gasoline fueled engines” SAE Paper No. 901503 . SP-832
- Zhao, H. Collings, N. Ma, T. “Two-dimensional temperature distributions of combustion chamber surfaces in a firing spark ignition engine” Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs 208 99 1994
- Cheng, Shi-wai S. “The physical parameters that influence deposit formation on an intake valve” SAE Paper No. 922257
- Ebert, L. B. Davis, W. H. Jr. “The chemistry of engine combustion deposits: I. microanalysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and infrared spectroscopy” in Chemistry of Engine Combustion Deposits 71 Plenum Press New York 1985
- Anderson, C. L. Uyehara, O. A. Myers, P. S. “An in situ determination of the thermal properties of combustion-chamber deposits” SAE Paper No. 820071
- Nishiwaki, K. “Unsteady thermal behavior of engine combustion chamber deposits” SAE Paper No. 881225
- Harder, R. F. Anderson, C. L. “Investigation of combustion-chamber deposit thermal behavior utilizing optical radiation measurements in a fired engine” Combustion Science and Technology 60 423 1988
- Hayes, T. K. White, R. A. Peters, J. E. “The in-situ measurement of the thermal diffusivity of combustion chamber deposits in spark ignition engines” SAE Paper No. 920513
- Benson, J. D. “Some factors which affect octane requirement increase” SAE Paper No. 750933
- Dumont, L. F “Possible mechanisms by which combustion-chamber deposits accumulate and influence knock” SAE Paper No. 510209
- Alquist, H. E. Holman, G. E. Wimmer, D. B. “Some observations of factors affecting ORI” SAE Paper No. 750932
- Harigaya, Yasuo Toda, Fujio Ohyagi, Shigeharu Tsuji, Hiroshi “Surface temperature and wall heat flux in a spark-ignition engine under knocking and non-knocking conditions” SAE Paper No. 891795 224
- Zhao, H. Collings, N. Ma, T. “Characterization of knock and its effect on surface temperatures” SAE Paper No. 920514
- Wentworth, J. T. “Effect of combustion chamber surface temperature on exhaust hydrocarbon concentration” SAE Paper No. 710587
- Myers, James P. Alkidas, Alexandros C. SAE Paper No. 780642
- Studzinski, W. M. Liiva, P. M. Choate, P. J. Acker, W. P. Litzinger, T. Bower, S. Smooke, M. Brezinsky, K. “A computational and experimental study of combustion chamber deposit effects on NOx emissions” SAE Paper No. 932815
- Woschni, Gerhard Spindler, Walter Kolesa, Konrad “Heat insulation of combustion chamber walls - a measure to decrease the fuel consumption of I.C. engines” SAE Paper No. 870339