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Emissions Performance of Current TWC Vehicles at Low Ambient Temperature over FTP and ECE Test Cycles
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Abstract
The widening use of three-way catalyst for emission control has brought an increasing number of vehicles employnig this tehcnology also to the areas of cold climate, like the Nordic countries. However, cold operating environment is found to derate the performance of a TWC system, as the guidelines for its desing are mainly set by the legislation, in which the test procedures have not taken into account low ambient conditions. This set is about to change, as the United States has recently introduced a low temperature emissions test with CO standard. Similar evolution has already began also in Europe.
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Laurikko, J., "Emissions Performance of Current TWC Vehicles at Low Ambient Temperature over FTP and ECE Test Cycles," SAE Technical Paper 940933, 1994, https://doi.org/10.4271/940933.Also In
References
- Braddock, J.N. Impact of Low Ambient Temperature on 3-Way Catalyst Car Emissions SAE Paper 810280
- Landman, L.O. Analysis of Carbon Monoxide Emissions as a Function of Ambient Temperature and Vehicle Parameters Technical report EPA-AA-CTAB/TA-83-6 Environmental Protection Agency USA 1983 17
- Larson, R.E. Vehicle Emission Characteristics Under Cold Ambient Conditions SAE Paper 890021
- Laurikko, J.K. Automotive Exhaust Emissions at Low Ambient Temperature SAE Paper 890003
- Laurikko, J.K. On-the Road Durability and Performance of TWC Exhaust Emission Control Under Real Nordic Driving Conditions SAE Paper 910172
- Laurikko, J.K. Optimizing Three-Way Catalyst Emission Control System For Low Ambient Temperature Operations SAE Paper 920012
- Laurikko, J.K. Nylund, N.-O. Regulated and Unregulated Emissions form Catalyst Vehicles at Low Ambient Temperature SAE Paper 930946