This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Contaminant Distribution and Accumulation in Water Recycle Systems
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Water reuse is essential for long duration space missions. However, water recycle systems also provide a habitat for microorganisms and allow accumulation of chemical compounds which may be acutely or chronically toxic to mission crew members. Contaminant fate and accumulation in closed-loop water recycle systems is being investigated at the University of Colorado and Martin Marietta as part of the activities of the Center for Space Environmental Health (CSEH), a NASA Specialized Center of Research and Training (NSCORT). The water contaminant distribution research uses a scaled-down physical model of a water (shower, laundry, urine and/or condensate) recycle system to analyze for and model four “indicator” contaminants: viruses and bacteria, nitrogen species, and selected organic and inorganic compounds. The water recycle test bed is comprised of five or more individual water treatment processes linked in a closed loop, and spiked with chemical and biological contaminants. A “systems” approach has been used to define experiments and data which can be used to characterize the long-term, overall performance of the test bed.
The water contaminant distribution research at CSEH will augment the shorter-term investigations and individual process research being conducted by NASA at the Ames, Johnson, and Marshall Space Flight Centers.
Authors
Topic
Citation
Silverstein, J., Schulz, J., Barkley, R., Brion, G. et al., "Contaminant Distribution and Accumulation in Water Recycle Systems," SAE Technical Paper 921360, 1992, https://doi.org/10.4271/921360.Also In
References
- Characklis, W.G. Bacterial Regrowth in Distribution Systems AWWA Research Report Denver, CO 1988
- Clark, R.M. Grayman, W.M. Goodrich, J.A. Deininger, R.A. Hess, A.F. “Field-Testing Distribution Water Quality Models,” J. Amer. Water Works Assoc. 83 7 67 75 1991
- Cooper, G. Ratcliff, M.A. Verostko, C.E. “Photocatalytic Post-Treatment in Waste Water Reclamation Systems,” SAE Technical Paper No. 891508 Warrendale, PA 1989
- Evanich, P.L. “Advanced Physical-Chemical Life Support Systems Research,” SAE Technical Paper No. 881010 Warrendale, PA 1988
- Herson, D.S. Marshall, D.R. Baker, K.H. Victoreen, H.T. “Association of Microorganisms with Surfaces in Distribution Systems,” J. Amer. Water Works Assoc. 83 7 103 106 1991
- Lee, B.H. Deininger, R.A. Clark, R.M. “Locating Monitoring Stations in Water Distribution Systems,” J. Amer. Water Works Assoc. 83 7 60 66 1991
- Marchin, G.L. Fina, L.R. “Contact and Demand-Release Disinfectants,” Crit. Rev. in Environ. Control 19 4 277 290 1989
- NASA “Man-System Integration Standards,” NASA STD-3000 I 1989
- NASA “Environmental Control Life Support System,” Architectural Control Document, NASA SSP 30262 Washington, DC 1990
- Petrie, G.E. Nacheff-Benedict M.S. “Development of Immobilized Cell Bioreactor Technology for Water Reclamation in a Regenerative Life Support System,” SAE Technical Paper No. 911503 Warrendale, PA 1991
- Roth, E.M. “Compendium of Human Responses to the Aerospace Environment,” Water II III Washington, CD 1969
- Sauer, R.L. et al. “Water Quality Program Elements for Space Station Freedom,” SAE Technical Paper No. 911400 Warrendale, PA 1991
- Verostko, C.E. Garcia, R. Sauer, R. Linton, A.T. Elms, T. Reysa, R.P. “Test Results on Re-Use of Reclaimed Shower Water - Summary,” Proc. 3rd Euro. Sympos. Space Thermal Control & Life Support Noordwijk, The Netherlands 353 360 1988
- Wachinski, A.M. “Waste Management in the U.S. Space Program,” J. Wat. Poll. Control Fed. 60 10 1790 1797 1988
- Verostko, C.E. et al. NASA 1989
- Putnam, D.F. et al. 1989
- Brion, G.M. Silverstein, J. “Inactivation of a Model Coliphage Virus in Water by Iodine,” 22nd ICES Conf. Seattle, WA 1992
- Barkley, R. Brion, G. Dunham, A. Hurst, C. Silverstein, J. “Generation of Iodine Disinfection By-Products (IDP's) in a Water Recycle System,” 22nd ICES Conf. Seattle, WA 1992
- Reckhow, D.A. Singer, P.C. “Chlorination By-Products in Drinking Waters: From Formation Potentials to Finished Water Concentrations,” J. Amer. Water Works Assoc. 81 173 180 1990
- Schulz, J.R. Silverstein, J. “A Systems Approach to Water Recycling Research,” 3rd Intl. Conf. on Engr, Construct. and Operations in Space (Space 92) Denver, CO 1992