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Effect of Reformulated Gasoline and Methanol on Exhaust Emissions
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Abstract
This study evaluates the influence of speciated emissions on ozone reactivity using the values of Maximum Incremental Reactivity published by the California Air Resources Board in September 1990.
To evaluate the influence of fuels and vehicle specifications on speciated emissions and ozone reactivity, three different fuels (gasoline, reformulated gasoline, and methanol (M85)) were used. Hydrocarbon species were measured using three types of gas chromatographs. Aldehydes were collected in a dry cartridge and measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatograhpy (HPLC). Alcohols were collected using impingers and measured by a gas chromatograph.
In the case of gasoline, as Non-methane Organic Gas (NMOG) is reduced, the proportion of speciated emissions with high ozone reactivity decreases, and this tends to lower Ozone Forming Potential (OFP). In the case of reformulated gasoline, OFP does not decrease, but Non-methane Hydrocarbons (NMHC) do as NMOG is reduced. In the case of M85, it is difficult to find a general correlation between NMOG and OFP.
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Citation
Kajima, K., Hirota, T., Yakushiji, K., Iwakiri, Y. et al., "Effect of Reformulated Gasoline and Methanol on Exhaust Emissions," SAE Technical Paper 912431, 1991, https://doi.org/10.4271/912431.Also In
References
- California Air Resources Board “Proposed Regulations for Low-Emission Vehicles and Clean Fuels” Technical Support Document August 13 1990
- Carter W. P. L. “A Method for Evaluating the Atomospheric Ozone Impact of Actual Vehicle Emissions” SAE Paper 900710 1990
- Russell A. G. St. Pierre D. Milford J. B. “Ozone Control and Methanol Fuel Use” Science January 1990
- Weaver C. S. Austin T.C. Rubenstein G. S. “Ozone Benefits of Alternative Fuels: a Reevaluation Based on Actual Emissions Data and Updated Reactivity Factors” Sierra Research April 13 1990
- Gething Jeff A. Hoekman S. Kent Guerrero Annette R. Lyons James M. “The Effect of Gasoline Aromatics Content on Exhaust Emissions: A Cooperative Test Program” SAE Paper 902073 1990
- Dempster Nicola M. Shore Philip R. “An Investigation into the Production of Hydrocarbon Emissions from a Gasoline Engine Tested on Chemically Defined Fuels” SAE Paper 900354 1990
- Akutu Y. kano H. Hasegawa T. ota M. “Development of Dry Analytical Method for Formaldehyde in Exhaust Emissions,” Pre-prints of JSAE Spring 1990