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Development of a Laboratory Test Contaminant for Transmissions
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Abstract
This paper details an extensive study that was performed to define, quantify, and describe the contaminant found in automotive type transmissions. The results from the study were used to manufacture a new commercially available test contaminant that simulates the contaminant found in high mileage transmissions.
The study was undertaken because no commercially available contaminant existed to test transmission related components, especially valves, pumps and filters. Most accepted test contaminants such as AC Fine or Course Test Dust were known not to give representative contaminant related results.
The study consisted of collecting 29 oil samples from various mileage vehicles. The particle size distribution, gravimetric level, and chemical composition were found from the samples. Correlation of this data back to the actual materials of manufacture found that four different base stock materials were contributing over 90% (by weight) of the contaminant found in vehicles with 70,000 to 120,000 miles. Manufacturing methods were then defined which reduced these four materials to the same particle size distribution and chemical composition as found from the field. The test contaminant has consequently been named SYNFORM, for SYNthetically FORMulated.
The use of this contaminant is finding widespread use to define valve and pump contaminant service life, filter characteristics, and torque convertor contaminant settling by radioactive tracing, among other applications.
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Citation
Eleftherakis, J. and Khalil, A., "Development of a Laboratory Test Contaminant for Transmissions," SAE Technical Paper 900561, 1990, https://doi.org/10.4271/900561.Also In
References
- “Method of Establishing the Flow Degradation of Hydraulic Fluid Power Pumps When Exposed to Particulate Contaminant,”
- “Cylinder Rod Wiper Seal Ingression Test,” SAE J1195
- “Measuring the Contaminant Bind Sensitivity of a Hydraulic Manually-Operated Spool Valve,” SAE XJ1391
- Basic Fluid Power Research Journal 20 Fluid Power Research Center, Oklahoma State University 1987 Forty-three test procedures to assess the contaminant sensitivity of eleven different types of components are presented
- AC Spark Plug Division of General Motor
- Eleftherakis, John G. “Accurate Analysis and Description of Field Induced and Generated Contaminants,” Liquitec Conference and Exposition, Proceedings of the Technical Program Cahners Group September 1989
- Eleftherakis, John G. “Contaminant Sensitivity Assessment of Electrohydraulic Valves,” SAE Paper No. 891867 International Off-Highway and Powerplant Congress and Exposition September 1989