This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Ceramic Piston-Cup: Design and Testing
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
In this work, the design and testing of a silicon-nitride (Si3N4) piston-cup for a Petter AV1 laboratory diesel engine is presented.
A preliminary design was first prepared and tested for thermal shock. The tests showed that non uniform displacements occurred between the ceramic plate and the piston. An improved design was then prepared, which allowed control of the characteristics of the gasket mounted between the ceramic plate and the piston. This second design was evaluated by thermal shock and exposure to cyclic pressure variation, followed by engine tests.
A short description is given of the experimental set-up used for investigating the ceramic materials which are candidates for the moving parts exposed to thermal and dynamic shock in internal combustion engines. Finally two pistons with ceramic top plates were introduced in the engine with thermocouples mounted at different points of the liner and exhaust valve.
It was concluded that while the ceramic has superior characteristics, mounting of the ceramic plate on the piston was not satisfactory and must be modified.
During the last few years great progress has been reported in material processing, high temperature properties and design methodology for I.C. engine ceramic components. [1, 2, 3 and 4]*. The understanding and the improvement of the mechanical reliability increased the commercialization and the successful use of ceramic components in the automobile engine [5]. However the mass-production cost of high performance components is certainly the most important limitation for wider appllication of these materials in heat-engines. Therefore further studies and development covering all aspects of this technology should be carried out for successful application.
This work covers the design and testing of a silicon-nitride piston-cup including computer aided design, materials selection, prototype manufacturing.
assembly and joining, proof and bench testing. The integral casting has been used to mount the ceramic piston-cup in an aluminium adaptor, connected to the aluminium piston, and supported by a specially fitted gasket.
Designing components to operate in compression stress has been found to be a valid strategy for avoiding tensile stress failure in engine components. The use of casting technology for metal-ceramic joining to establish these beneficial assembly stresses is doubly attractive, since this way it eliminates the need for close tolerances in the metal component and reduces the tolerances required of the ceramic part.
In this paper the improvements of the preliminary design after the test results are discussed.
Recommended Content
Technical Paper | Intercooled-Supercharged Gas Generator Engine |
Technical Paper | Design and Analysis of Engine Lubrication Systems |
Technical Paper | Development of Ceramic Cam Roller Follower for Engine Application |
Authors
Citation
Tzabari, Y., Gutman, M., Stotter, A., and Brandon, D., "Ceramic Piston-Cup: Design and Testing," SAE Technical Paper 900402, 1990, https://doi.org/10.4271/900402.Also In
References
- Kamo R. Bryzik W. Glance P. “Adiabatic Engine Trends - Worldwide” SAE Paper 870018 1987
- Kamigaito O. “Ceramic Components for Engines in Japan” SAE Paper 870019 1987
- Kawamura H. “Development Status of Isuzu Ceramic Engine” SAE Paper 880011 1988
- Tennery V.J. “Ceramics in Engines - An International Status Report” Ceramic Bulletin 66 2 1989
- Suh C.M. Tajima Y. Kojima T. Sato Y. “A Gas Pressure Sintered Silicon Nitride (GPSSN) Production Technique, Design, and its Application for The S.I. Engine” 3rd Int. Sym. Ceramic Materials & Components for Engines Nov. 1988
- Stotter A. Woolley K.S. “Exhaust Valve Temperature - A Theoretical and Experimental Investigation” SAE Paper 969A 1965
- Annand W.J. “Heat Transfer in the Cylinder of Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. 177 36 937 990 1963
- Woschni G. “A Universally Applicable Equation for the Instantaneous Heat Transfer Coefficient in the Internal Combustion Engine” SAE Paper 670931 1967
- Hoag K.L. “Measurement and Analysis of the Effect of Wall Temperature on Instantaneous Heat Flux” SAE Paper 860312 1986
- Enomoto Y. Furuhama S. “Heat Transfer into Ceramic Combustion Chamber Wall of Internal Combustion Engines” SAE Paper 861276 1986
- Tzabari Y. Brandon D.G. Blech J.J. “Ceramic Piston-Cup Design” Ceramic Materials and Components for Engines April 14 - 17 1986
- Czernik D.E. Rosenquist G.A. “Gasketing the High Performance Engine” SAE Paper 850187 1985
- Percival P.R. Williams B.G.J. “Non-Asbestos Gasket Engineering” SAE Paper 850191 1985
- Carruthers W.D. Richerson D.W. Benn K.W. “Combustion Rig Durability of Turbine Ceramics” “Ceramics for High-Performace Applications” III, Reliability Plenum Press New-York 1983
- Kamo R. Bryzik W. “Ceramic for Adiabatic Turbocompount Engine” “Ceramic for High-Performance Applications” III, Reliability Plenum Press New York 1983