This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
The Assessment of the Societal Benefit of Side Impact Protection
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
This paper summarizes work relating to the assessment of societal benefits of side impact protection. National Crash Severity Study (NCSS) and National Accident Sampling System (NASS) accident data technigues were reviewed with respect to the reliability of output information concerning the distribution of side impact accidents by impact severity and relationships between injury and impact severity.
NCSS and NASS are confounded by errors and inadequacies, primarily as a result of improper accident reconstruction based upon the CRASH computer program. Based on review of several sample cases, it is believed that the NCSS/NASS files underestimate Lower severities and overestimate higher severities in side impact, with delta-V errors probably overestimated by 25-30 percent in the case of the more serious accidents. These errors cannot be properly quantified except on a case-by-case basis. They introduce unknown biases into NCSS/NASS.
A review of a sampling of case materials from the NCSS/NASS files indicates that it will probably not be possible to recover enough basic data on sufficient side-impact NASS cases to allow accurate estimates of accident severity. In addition to the inaccuracies associated with the struck vehicle C.G. delta-V estimates of CRASH, occupant exposure severity, at least for near-side occupants, should be measured in terms of the door velocity. No straightforward basis is available to derive these estimates except through a detailed case-by-case evaluation. Such a procedure is not possible in a significant percentage of cases, due to inadequate data collection procedures.
Recommended Content
Technical Paper | A Perspective on Side Impact Occupant Crash Protection |
Technical Paper | Rollover Initiation Simulations for Designing Rollover Initiation Test System (RITS) |
Technical Paper | Biomechanical Design Considerations for Side Impact |
Authors
Topic
Citation
Strother, C., Warner, C., Woolley, R., and James, M., "The Assessment of the Societal Benefit of Side Impact Protection," SAE Technical Paper 900379, 1990, https://doi.org/10.4271/900379.Also In
References
- Strother, C. Smith G. James M. Warner C. “Injury and Intrusion in Side Impacts and Rollovers” SAE Paper 840403 February 1984
- Foret-Bruno, J.Y. Hartemann F. Thomas C. Tarriere C. “Occupant Velocity Change in Side Impact, Method of Calculation - Application to a Sample of Real World Crashes” SAE Paper 801308 Presented at the 24th STAPP Car Crash Conference October 1980
- Stultz, J. “Side Protection in 2-Door and 4-Door Production Vehicles, MDB-To-Car Side Impact Test of a 19 Degree Crabbed Moving Deformable Barrier to a 1981 Dodge Omni at 34.3 mph” Department of Transportation Report No. DOT-HS-806-790 March 1984
- Stultz, J. “Evaluation of NHTSA Modified Volkswagen Rabbits, MDB-To-Car Side Impact Test of a 19 Degree Crabbed Moving Barrier to a 1981 Volkswagen Rabbit at 34.4 mph” Final Report Under Department of Transportation Contract No. DTNH22-82-A-08401 November 1983
- Stultz, J. “Side Protection in 2-Door and 4-Door Production Vehicles MDB-To-Car Side Impact Test of a 26 Degree Crabbed Moving Deformable Barrier to a 1982 Chevrolet Citation at 33.5 mph” Report No. DOT-HS-806-634 January 1984
- Stultz, J. “Side Protection in 2-Door and 4-Door Production Vehicles MDB-To-Car Side Impact Test of a 26 Degree Crabbed Moving Deformable Barrier to a 1981 Chevrolet Citation at 33.5 mph” Report No. DOT-HS-806-630 January 1984
- Stultz, J. “Side Protection in 2-Door and 4-Door Production. Vehicles MDB-To-Car Side Impact Test of a 26 Degree Crabbed Moving Deformable Barrier to a 1981 Dodge Omni at 33.5 mph” Report No. 840109 February 1984
- Stultz, J. “Side Protection in 2-Door and 4-Door Production Vehicles MDB-To-Car Side Impact Test of a 26 Degree Crabbed Moving Deformable Barrier to a 1981 Ford Granada at 33.5 mph” Report No. 840113 February 1984
- Stultz, J. “Side Protection in 2-Door and 4-Door Production Vehicles MDB-To-Car Side Impact Test of a 26 Degree Crabbed Moving Deformable Barrier to a 1981 Ford Granada at 33.5 mph” Report No. 840118 February 1984
- Stultz, J. “Side Protection in 2-Door and 4-Door Production Vehicles MDB-To-Car Side Impact Test of a 26 Degree Crabbed Moving Deformable Barrier to a 1980 AMC Concord at 33.5 mph” Report No. 840223 March 1984
- Stultz, J. “Side Protection in 2-Door and 4-Door Production Vehicles MDB-To-Car Side Impact Test of a 26 Degree Crabbed Moving Deformable Barrier to a 1982 Honda Civic at 33.4 mph” Report No. 840316 April 1984
- Stultz, J. “Side Protection in 2-Door and 4-Door Production Vehicles MDB-To-Car Side Impact Test of a 26 Degree Crabbed Moving Deformable Barrier to a 1981 Volkswagen Rabbit at 33.5 mph” Report No. 840307 April 1984
- Stultz, J. “Side Protection in 2-Door and G-Door Production Vehicles MDB-To-Car Side Impact Test of a 26 Degree Crabbed Moving Deformable Barrier to a 1982 Nissan Sentra at 33.5 mph” Report No. 840302 April 1984
- Stultz, J. “Side Protection in 2-Door and 4-Door Production Vehicles MDB-To-Car Side Impact Test of a 26 Degree Crabbed Moving Deformable Barrier to a 1981 Plymouth Horizon at 33.5 mph” Report No. 840104 February 1984
- Hannemann, N. Schwarz R. Struble D. Syson S. Wallace G. Forrest S. “Design and Development of a Modified Production Vehicle for Enhanced Crashworthiness and Fuel Economy” Phase I Final Report from MCR Technology Inc.
- Strother, C. Warner C. Woolley R. James M. Egbert T. “Aspects of the Assessment of Societal Benefits Associated with Side Impact Countermeasures” February 1989
- Hackney, J. Gabler H. Kanianthra J. Cohen D. “Update of the NHTSA Research Activity in Thoracic Side Impact Protection for the Front Seat Occupant” SAE Paper 872207 November 1987
- Campbell, Kenneth Energy as a Basis for Accident Severity -- A Preliminary Study.” The University of Wisconsin Engineering - Automotive June 1972
- Campbell, Kenneth “Energy Basis For Collision Severity” SAE Paper 740565 1974
- McHenry, Raymond “User's Manual for the CRASH Computer Program” CALSPAN Report ZQ-5708-V-3 January 1976
- Woolley, R. Warner C. Tagg M. “Inaccuracies in the CRASH3 Program” SAE 850255 February 1385
- Wilke, D. Monk M. “CRASH3 Damage Model Reformulation” Vehicle Research and Test Center Event Report VRTC - 87-0053 November 1987
- “CRASH3 User's Guide and Technical Manual” U.S. DOT, NHTSA, National Center for Statistics and Analysis Accident Investigation Division Washington, D.C.
- Monk, M.W. Guenther D “Update of CRASH2 Computer Model Damage Tables” Report No. DOT HS-806-446 March 1983
- Smith, R. Noga T. “Accuracy and Sensitivity of CRASH” SAE Paper 821169 Presented at the 26th STAPP Car Crash Conference October 20-21 1982
- Strother, C. Woolley R. James M. “A Comparison Between NHTSA Crash Test Data and CRASH3 Frontal Stiffness Coefficients” Paper to be Presented at the 1990 SAE Winter Annual Meeting February 1990
- Strother, C. Woolley R. James M. Warner C. “Crush Energy in Accident Reconstruction” SAE Paper 860371 February 1986
- El-Habash, N. “CRASH III MODEL IMPROVEMENTS, MRB-To-Car Side Impact Test of A 90 Degree Moving Rigid Barrier To A 1981 Chevrolet Citation, Test Speed 35.2 mph” Department of Transportation Report No. DOT HS 807 093 October 1986
- El-Habash, N. “DYNAMIC TESTING FOR SIDE CRUSH MRB-To-Car Side Impact Test of A 90 Degree Moving Rigid Barrier To A 1980 Chevrolet Citation, Test #1 18.5 mph, Test #2 46.6 mph” Department of Transportation Report No. DOT HS 807 045 June 1986
- El-Habash, N. “CRASH III MODEL IMPROVEMENTS, MRB-To-Car Side Impact Test of A 90 Degree Moving Rigid Barrier To A 1983 Mitsubishi Tredia, Test #1 16.7 mph, Test #2 33.5 mph” Department of Transportation Report No. DOT HS 807 044 June 1986
- El-Habash, N. “DYNAMIC TESTING FOR SIDE CRUSH, MRB-To-Car Side Impact Test of A 90 Degree Moving Rigid Barrier To A 1980 Ford LTD. Test #1 20.9 mph, Test #2 42.1 mph” Department of Transportation Report No. DOT HS 807 031 June 1986
- El-Habash, N. “DYNAMIC TESTING FOR SIDE CRUSH, MRB-To-Car Side Impact Test of A 90 Degree Moving Rigid Barrier To A 1983 Ford Escort, Test #1 16.1 mph, Test #2 32.2 mph” Department of Transportation Report No. DOT HS 807 032 June 1986
- Smith, Russell A. Noga, J. “Accuracy and Sensitivity of Crash” DOT HS 806 152 March 1982
- Hendricks, D.L. “Comparison of Accident Data Collected On-Scene with Follow-On Data” DOT HS-802-415 March 1977
- Shoemaker, N.E. “Research Input for Computer Simulation of Automobile Collisions” 2 3 December 1978
- Shaw, L.M. “Countermeasures for Side Impact.”
- Garrett, J.W. McHenry R.R. Hendricks D.L. Perchonok K. “Tri-Level Accident Research Study: A Comparison of Results Obtained with Different Analytical Techniques for Reconstruction of Highway Accidents” DOT HS-802-473 June 1977
- James, M.E. Ross, H.E. Jr. Whittington C. “Improvement of Accident Simulation Model and Improvement of Narrow Object Accident Reconstruction” DOT-HS-802-620 April 1978
- Smith, R.A. Noga J.T. “Examples of Staged Collisions in Accident Reconstruction” Highway Collision Reconstruction , ASME November 1980
- Segal, D. McGarth M. Balasubramanian N. “Supplemental National Crash Severity Study Accident Reconstruction” Final Report Prepared for the U.S. Department of Transportation Under Contract No. DTNH22-80-C-07065 September 1980
- Ricci, L. “NCSS Statistics: Passenger Cars” NHTSA Contract DOT-HS-8-01944, Special Report June 1980
- Scott, L. Fell James C. “An Historical Review of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's Field Accident Investigation Activities” National Center for Statistics and Analysis Washington, D.C. August 1988
- Souleles, N. “Risk Analysis Under Executive Order No. 12291” SAE Paper 872538