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Assessment of Lap-ShouIder Belt Restraint Performance in Laboratory Testing
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English
Abstract
Hyge sled tests were conducted using a rear-seat sled fixture to evaluate submarining responses (the lap belt of a lap-shoulder belt restraint loads the abdominal region instead of the pelvis). Objectives of these tests included: an evaluation of methods to determine the occurrence of submarining; an investigation into the influence of restraint system parameters, test severity, and type of anthropomorphic test device on submarining response; and an exploration of the mechanics of submarining.
This investigation determined that:
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1.
Slippage of the lap belt off the pelvis due to dynamic loading of the dummy and the resulting kinematics can cause abdominal loading to the dummy in laboratory crash testing.
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The 5th female dummy submarined more easily than did the Hybrid ill in the test environment.
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3.
Motion of the pelvis was controlled using a “pelvic stop”, which reduced the submarining tendency for both the 5th female and Hybrid III dummies.
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Shortening the buckle strap length (in conjunction with a pelvic stop) increased the submarining “threshold”.
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Modifying the belt restraint by removing the retractor from the lap-belt and adding a retractor to the shoulder belt (with the standard seat) increased the “threshold” severity for submarining.
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The occurrence of the belt slipping off the pelvis and loading the abdomen was well correlated to rearward rotation of the pelvis.
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In addition to standard film analysis, detection of the belt slipping off the pelvis is strongly enhanced by use of a submarining indicating pelvis, pelvic in-line accelerometry, and belt force transducers.
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The development of a method to unequivocally detect the occurrence of submarining, and to predict the severity of any resulting injury would greatly strengthen the analysis of restraint performance.
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Citation
Rouhana, S., Horsch, J., and Kroell, C., "Assessment of Lap-ShouIder Belt Restraint Performance in Laboratory Testing," SAE Technical Paper 892439, 1989, https://doi.org/10.4271/892439.Also In
References
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