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Investigation of the Effects of Fuel Composition on Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Emissions
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Abstract
Increasingly stringent emission requirements for heavy-duty diesel engines stresses the importance of both engine design and diesel fuel quality. The Coordinating Research Council sponsored this test work to yield quantitative emission data and emission models to relate diesel fuel properties to emissions from modern heavy-duty diesel engines. Regulated and selected unregulated emissions from three engines were measured over the EPA transient test procedure using several fuels having controlled variation in three primary fuel properties: aromatics, volatility (as the 90 percent boiling point temperature), and sulfur.
Models for transient composite emissions were obtained using multiple linear regression techniques, and changes to regulated emissions for selected changes in fuel properties were estimated from the models. Of the three primary fuel variables, aromatic content and volatility were significant for emissions of HC, CO, and NOx. Aromatics and sulfur were significant for total particulate. Decreasing fuel aromatic content, sulfur, and volatility (increasing 90 percent boiling point temperature) were generally associated with reductions to regulated emissions.
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Citation
Ullman, T., "Investigation of the Effects of Fuel Composition on Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Emissions," SAE Technical Paper 892072, 1989, https://doi.org/10.4271/892072.Also In
References
- CRC, APRAC, Status Report, “Coordinating Research Council, Inc. 219 Perimeter Center Parkway Atlanta, Georgia 30346 January 1988
- Ullman T.L. “Investigation of the Effects of Fuel Composition, and Injection and Combustion System Type on Heavy-Duty Diesel Exhaust Emissions,” Final report prepared for the Coordinating Research Council, CRC Contract CAPE-32-80, Project VE-1 March 1989
- Letter describing VE-1 Fuels and their properties from Dr. John C.Wall of Chevron to the VE-1Group, dated February 1986
- Letter describing VE-1 Fuel Formulation from Dr. Mike Ingham of Chevron to Mr. Terry Ullman January 16 1989
- “Emission Regulations for New Gasoline-and Diesel-fueled Heavy-Duty Engines; Gaseous Exhaust Test Procedures,” Environmental Protection Agency, Code of Federal Regulations 40 CFR Ch. 1 (7-1-87 Edition), Part 86, Subpart N
- Hare C.T. “Study of the Effects of Fuel Composition, and Injection and Combustion System Type and Adjustment, on Exhaust Emissions from Light-Duty Diesels,” Final Report prepared for the Coordinating Research Council, Project CAPE-32-80 April 1985
- Smith L.R. “Study of the Effects of Fuel Composition, and Injection and Combustion System Type and Adjustment on Ames Bioassay Nitrosamines and PNA Emissions from Light-Duty Diesels,” Final Report prepared for the Coordinating Research Council, Project CAPE-33-83 August 1985
- Smith L.R. Parness M.A. Fanick E.R. Dietzmann H.E. “Analytical Procedures for Characterizing Unregulated Emissions from Vehicles Using Middle-Distillate Fuels,"” Interim Report No. EPA-600/2-80-068 on Contract No. 687-02-2497 April 1980