This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
New Options for Steel Selection for Automotive Applications
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
This paper reviews and compares the various approaches available and under development for automotive components manufactured from bar and forging steels. Steel compositions, manufacturing approaches, microstructures, and properties for quench and tempered alloy steels and direct-cooled microalloyed ferrite-pearlite and bainitic steels are described. Recent efforts to increase toughness in direct-cooled steels are also reviewed.
Authors
- K. Grassl - Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO
- S. W. Thompson - Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO
- G. Krauss - Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO
Citation
Grassl, K., Thompson, S., and Krauss, G., "New Options for Steel Selection for Automotive Applications," SAE Technical Paper 890508, 1989, https://doi.org/10.4271/890508.Also In
References
- Properties and Selection: Iron and Steels 1 Metals Handbook Ninth 1978 ASM International Metals Park, Ohio
- Hardenability Concepts with Applications to Steel Doane D.V. Kirkaldy J.S. The Metallurgical Society of AIME Warrendale, PA 1978
- Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels Krauss G. Banerji S.K. The Metallurgical Society of AIME Warrendale, PA 1987
- Krauss G. “Microalloyed Bar and Forging Steels” 29th Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference Proceedings XXV Iron and Steel Society Warrendale, PA 1988 67 77
- Leap M. “The Effects of Forging on the Microstructure Development, Strength, and Dynamic Fracture Behavior of Microalloyed Ferrite-Pearlite Steels” M.S. Thesis Colorado School of Mines 1987
- Grange R.A. Hribal C.R. Porter L.F. “Hardness of Tempered Martensite in Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels” Met. Trans. A 8A 1977 1775 1785
- Zia Ebrahimi F. Krauss G. “Mechanisms of Tempered Martensite Embrittlement in Medium-Carbon Steels” Acta Metallurgica 32 1984 1767 1777
- Yaney D.L. “The Effects of Phosphorous and Tempering on the Fracture of AISI 52100 Steel” M.S. Thesis Colorado School of Mines Golden, Colorado 1981
- Materkowski J.P. Krauss G. “Tempered Martensite Embrittlement in SAE 4340 Steel” Met. Trans. A 10A 1979 1643 1651
- Krauss G. Principles of Heat Treatment of Steel ASM International Metals Park, Ohio 1980
- Gladman T. McIvor I.D. Pickering F.B. “Some Aspects of the Structure-Property Relationships in High Carbon Ferrite-Pearlite Steels” Journal of Iron and Steel Institute 210 1972 916 930
- Dunlop G.L. Carlson C-J. Frimodig G. “Precipitation of VC in Ferrite During Direct Transformation of Medium Carbon Microalloyed Steel” Met. Trans. A 9A 1978 261 266
- Parsons S.A. Edmonds D.V. “Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Medium-Carbon Ferrite-Pearlite Steel Microalloyed with Vanadium” Mat. Sci. Tech. 3 1987 894 904
- Burnett M.E. “Correlation of Forging Parameters to Microstructure and Mechanical Properties and Vanadium Modified 0.40 Percent Carbon Steels” Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels Krauss G. Banerji S.K. TMS 1987 601 625
- Held J.F. “Some Factors Influencing the Mechanical Properties of Microalloyed Steel” Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels Krauss G. Banerji S.K. TMS 1987 175 188
- Burnett M.E. “Experimental Simulation of Production Forging Parameters for the Prediction of As-Forged Mechanical Properties in HSLA Steels” Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels Krauss G. Banerji S.K. TMS 1987 585 599
- Gunnarson S. Ravenshorst H. Bergstrom C.-M. “Experience with Forged Automotive Components in Precipitation Hardened Pearlitic-Ferritic Steels” Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels Krauss G. Banerji S.K. TMS 1987 325 338
- Lagneborg R. Sandberg O. Roberts W. “Optimization of Microalloyed Ferrite-Pearlite Forging Steels” Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels Krauss G. Banerji S.K. TMS 1987 39 54
- Thompson S.W. Krauss G. “Precipitation and Fine Structure in Medium-Carbon Vanadium and Vanadium/Niobium Microalloyed Steels” Met. Trans. A
- Honeycombe R.W.K. “Transformation from Austenite in Alloy Steels” Met. Trans. A 7A 1976 915 936
- Repas P.E. “Metallurgical Fundamentals for HSLA Steels” Microalloyed HSLA Steels Conference Proceedings ASM International 1988 3 14
- Hansen S.S. Vander Sande J.B. Cohen M. “Niobium Carbonitride Precipitation and Austenite Recrystallization in Hot-Rolled Microalloyed Steels” Met. Trans. A 11A 1980 387 402
- Leap M. Brown E.L. Mazzare P. Krauss G. “The Evolution of Microstructure and Precipitate Dispersions During Reheating in a Vanadium-Modified 1045 Steels” Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels Krauss G. Banerji S.K. TMS 1987 91 111
- Sen S. Sengupta A.K. Verma R.S. Ramaswamy V. “Improved Impact Energy Through Microstructural Refinement of 0.3C-Mn-Nb Microalloyed Forging Steels” Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels Krauss G. Banerji S.K. TMS 1987 627 636
- Hara H. Kobayashi M. “The Use of Hot Forged Microalloyed Steel in Automobile Components” Institute of Metals Vanadium Award Paper 1987 The Institute of Metals London, England
- Naylor D.J. “Development and Application of High Strength Steels or Cost and Weight Reduction” Microalloyed HSLA Steels Conference Proceedings ASM International 1988 43 49
- Korchynsky M. “The Effect of Microalloys on the Hot Working Behavior of Ferrous Alloys” 30th Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference Iron and Steel Society Dearborn, Michigan October 25, 1988
- Shiraga T. Matsumoto K. Suzuki S. Ishiguro M. Kido H. Abe T. “Development of High-Toughness Microalloyed Steel Bar for Hot Forged Components without Subsequent Heat Treatment” NKK Technical Review, No. 53 1988
- Ochi T. Takahashi T. Takada H. “Improvement of Toughness of Hot Forged Products Through Intragranular Ferrite Formation” Proceedings of 30th Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference Iron and Steel Society Warrendale, PA
- ASTM A01.15 Task Group on Microalloyed Bars McVicker J.E. Chairman
- Heitmann W.E. Babu P.B. “Influence of Bainite in the Microstructure of Tensile and Toughness Properties of Microalloyed Steel Bars and Forgings” Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels Krauss G. Banerji S.K. TMs 1987 55 72
- Tither G. Cameron T.B. Diesburg D.E. “Optimization of Strength and Toughness of As-Forged Steels by Combination of Microalloying and Controlled Processing” Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels Krauss G. Banerji S.K. TMS 1987 269 290
- Habraken L.J. Economopoulos M. “Bainitic Microstructures in Low-Carbon Alloy Steels and Their Mechanical Properties” Transformation and Hardenability in Steels Climax Molybdenum Company of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 1967 69 108
- Wright P.H. Harrington T.L. Szilva W.A. White T.R. “What the Forgers Should Know About Microalloyed Steels” Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels Krauss G. Banerji S.K. TMS 1987 541 566
- Garcia C.I. Palmiere E.J. DeArdo A.J. “An Alternative Approach to the Alloy Design and Thermomechanical Processing of Low-Carbon Microalloyed Bar Products” 29th Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference Proceedings XXV ISS Warrendale, PA 1988 79 86
- Matsumoto K. Tagawa H. Suzuki S. Shiraga T. “Development of Low-Carbon Bainitic Bar Steel for Hot Forged Use” Proceedings of 30th Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference ISS Warrendale, PA
- Engineering Properties of Steel Harvey P.D. ASM International Metals Park, Ohio 1982
- Hansen S.S. “Microalloyed Plate and Bar Products in Production Technology” Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels Krauss G. Banerji S.K. TMS 1987 155 174
- Leap M. Matlock D.K. Krauss G. “Correlation opf the Charpy Tests to Fracture Mechanics in a Vanadium Modified 1045 Steel” Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels Krauss G. Banerji S.K. TMS 1987 113 152
- Babu P.B. Gromer D.R. Lingenfelsor D.J. Shandley G.P. “Design for Fracture Resistance in Microalloyed Steel Components” Fundametials of Microalloying Forging Steels Krauss G. Banerji S.K. TMS 1987 389 424