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Thermal Management of Lead-Acid Batteries for Electric Vehicles
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English
Abstract
A Globe Battery Division EV-3000 electric vehicle battery with its in-cell electrolyte circulation pumps was instrumented with temperature sensors and subjected to singular and repetitive deep discharge cycles while being cooled by natural and forced air convection. Temperature excursions within the battery became severe with repetitive cycling and natural convection cooling. The EV-3000's in-cell electrolyte pumps were shown to be a definite aid to battery thermo-regulation by i) allowing the charging process to be more energy efficient and thus generating less total heat, ii) reducing peak cell temperature, iii) producing a more uniform temperature distribution within the cells, and iv) transporting the elevated temperature, dense electrolyte produced during charge from the cell stack area to a more active heat transfer surface. Experiments have shown that forced air convection on the external surfaces of the battery can provide effective cooling when the battery is operated under moderate duty cycles and ambient temperatures. It is anticipated, however, that high energy density batteries may require more elaborate thermal management when subjected to elevated duty cycles or extreme external temperatures.
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Citation
McKinney, B., Wierschem, G., and Mrotek, E., "Thermal Management of Lead-Acid Batteries for Electric Vehicles," SAE Technical Paper 830229, 1983, https://doi.org/10.4271/830229.Also In
References
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- Tiedemann W. H. Newman J. “Current and Potential Distribution in Lead-Acid Battery Plates” Fall Meeting of the Electrochemical Society Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 1978
- Tiedemann W. H. Newman J. Simulation of Electric Vehicle Driving Profiles Based on Mathematical Models of the Lead-Acid Battery System” 9lst National Conference of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers 1981
- Wierschem G. L. “A Comprehensive Testing Facility for the Evaluation of Lead-Acid Cells for Electric Vehicles” Fall Meeting of the Electrochemical Society Los Angeles, California 1979
- Gibbard H. F. J. Electrochem. Soc. 125 3 353 1978
- Wierschem G. L. Tiedemann W. H. “Cycling Behavior of Lead-Acid Batteries for Electric Vehicles” Fall Meeting of the Electrochemical Society Hollywood, Florida 1980