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Impact of Mismatched Cell Characteristics on Lead-Acid Battery Charging
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English
Abstract
Over the operational life of a battery, the voltage characteristics of its individual cells become mismatched due to differences in self-discharge rates, individual charge efficiency, active material retention, etc. As these cell differences increase, excessive overcharging, operating temperatures, and/or electrolyte consumption result. In a series of tests performed on 6-volt, lead-acid modules, the degree of cell mismatch and the response of the modules to various charge methods were examined. The results show that after about 150 deep-discharge cycles, each module contained at least one cell whose full-charge voltage level was reduced. Prior to any decline in module capacity, cell voltage differences of more than 0.4 V were measured during charge. It was also observed that the application of a fixed battery voltage for charge control eventually caused excessive overcharging, elevated temperatures, and/or an extreme overvoltage condition on individual cells. This paper describes the test procedures employed, presents the test data, discusses the results obtained and solutions being investigated.
Authors
Citation
DeLuca, W., Tummillo, A., Biwer, R., and Yao, N., "Impact of Mismatched Cell Characteristics on Lead-Acid Battery Charging," SAE Technical Paper 830228, 1983, https://doi.org/10.4271/830228.Also In
References
- DeLuca W. H. Biwer R. L. Yao N. P. “Effects of Constant-Current/Constant-Voltage Charge Parameters on Lead-Acid Traction Cell Performance.” Paper 819331 , 16th Intersociety Energy Conversion and Engineering Conference Atlanta, GA 1981