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Environmental Protection System for the Shuttle External Tank Aft Cargo Carrier
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English
Abstract
The Shuttle External Tank (ET) can be extended by adding an Aft Cargo Carrier (ACC) approximately 33′ in length in order to provide added volume for payloads. The ACC doubles the current Shuttle payload volume, provides flexibility in payload manifesting, and can be utilized for hazardous payloads. This paper presents the major environmental design requirements for the ACC, and discusses the preliminary design accomplished to meet the most demanding requirement: the increased thermal and acoustic environments. Candidate environmental protection concepts that combine acoustic and thermal protection materials are described, and the more promising selected for testing.
NOMENCLATURE
- h
-
=heat transfer coefficient
- H
-
=flight altitude
- M
-
=Mach Number
- P
-
=pressure
- q̇
-
=heat flux
- T
-
=temperature
- XT
-
= tank station measured along axis of ET; nose tip is at XT = 322.5 inches
SUBSCRIPTS
- A
-
=aerodynamic heating
- HI
-
=heating indicator
- PC
-
=plume convection
- ∞
-
=free stream
- r
-
=recovery
- rad
-
=radiation
- t∞
-
=free stream total condition
CONVERSION FACTORS
-
weight (lb) × .4536 = weight (kg)
-
length (ft) × .3048 = length (m)
-
heat flux (Btu/ft2-sec) × 1.135 × 104 = heat flux (watts/m2)
-
(temperature (°F) + 460.) × .556 = temperature (°K)
-
pressure (lbf/ft2) × 47.9 = pressure (N/m2)
Authors
Citation
Elam, B., Mobley, T., and Warmbrod, J., "Environmental Protection System for the Shuttle External Tank Aft Cargo Carrier," SAE Technical Paper 820880, 1982, https://doi.org/10.4271/820880.Also In
References
- Warmbrod J. D. Elam B. F. Vaniman J. L. “Thermal Design of the Space Shuttle External Tank,” ASME Paper No. 81-ENAS-15, 11th Intersociety Conference on Environmental Systems July 13–15 1981
- Jones J. H. Guest S. H. “Space Shuttle Ignition Overpressure Environments and Related Suppression Efforts,” American Institute of Physics paper presented at Acoustical Society of America Meeting Miami Beach, Florida December 3 1981