This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Characterization of Emissions from Methanol and Methanol/Gasoline Blended Fuels
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Research was undertaken to characterize the potential differences in the chemical composition of precatalyst and postcatalyst exhaust gases from engines fueled with methanol/gasoline blends, (20/80 volume %-designated as M-20) pure alcohol and gasoline. Results were developed from both steady-state engine tests and transient CVS vehicle tests. A heated CVS system was developed for sampling emissions to minimize significant oxygenated hydrocarbon sample losses commonly encountered in the standard CVS sampling procedure. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS) was used for characterizing the emissions. Minimal losses of methanol emissions were found using the described sampling and analysis system. The only significant qualitative differences observed in the hydrocarbon emissions generated by engines burning pure Indolene clear compared to the M-20 fuel was the significant presence of unburned methanol and in some cases traces of ethanol in the exhaust of the M-20 fueled vehicle. The Indolene clear and M-20 fuels did not produce significantly different quantities of total aldehyde emissions. Methanol comprised from 2 to 20 mole% of the total hydrocarbon emissions from using M-20, depending upon the operating conditions. Greater than 98 mole% of the hydrocarbon and oxygenated hydrocarbon emissions from an engine burning pure methanol were unburned methanol and aldehydes.
Recommended Content
Authors
Citation
Schuetzle, D., Prater, T., and Anderson, R., "Characterization of Emissions from Methanol and Methanol/Gasoline Blended Fuels," SAE Technical Paper 810430, 1981, https://doi.org/10.4271/810430.Also In
References
- Howes D. A. “The Use of Synthetic Methanol as a Motor Fuel” Jour. Inst. Petr. Tech 19 301 1933
- Pleeth W. J. W. “Alcohol, A Fuel for Internal Combustion Engines” Chapman and Hall London 1949
- Hagen D. L. “Methanol as a Fuel: A Review with Bibliography” SAE Paper No. 770792 1977
- Witzenberg G. L. “Alcohol Fuel Getting Attractive” Wards Auto World 13 July 1977
- “Fords 2.3 Liter Four Adopts Three-Way Approach” Automotive Engineering Oct. 1977
- Paul J. K. “Ethyl Alcohol-Production and Use as a Motor Fuel” Noyes Data Corporation Park Ridge, New Jersey 1979
- Publow G. Grinberg L. “Performance of Late Model Cars with Gasoline-Methanol Fuel” SAE Paper No. 780948 1978
- Wigg E. E. Lunt R. S. “Methanol as a Gasoline Extender - Fuel Economy, ” Emissions and High Temperature Drivability, SAE Paper No. 741008 1974
- Menrad H. Lee W. Bernhardt W. “Development of a Pure Methanol Fuel Car” SAE Paper No. 770790 1977
- Brinkman N. D. “Vehicle Evaluation of Neat Methanol - Compromises Among Exhaust Emissions, Fuel Economy and Driveability” Energy Research 3 243 274 1979
- Gurney M. D. Allsup J. R. Merlotti C. L. “Gasohol: Laboratory and Fleet Test Evaluation” SAE Paper No. 800892 1980
- Neligan R. E. Mader P. F. Chambers L. A. “Exhaust Composition in Relation to Fuel Composition” J. Air. Pollut. Control Assoc. 11 178 186 1961
- McEwen D. J. “Automobile Exhaust Hydrocarbon Analysis by Gas Chromatography” Analytical Chem. 38 1047 1053 1966
- Dimitriades B. Eff's C. F. Seizinger D. E. “Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Vehicular Exhaust Emissions” Advances in Chromatography 8 327 362 1969
- Papa L. J. “Gas Chromatography-Measuring Exhaust Hydrocarbons Down to Parts Per Billion” SAE Paper #670494 1967 Papa L. J. Dinsel D. L. Harris W. C. “Gas Chromatographic Determination of C 1 to C 12 Hydrocarbons in Automotive Exhaust” J. Gas Chromatography 6 270 279 1968
- Wigg E. E. Campion R. J. Petersen W. L. “The Effect of Fuel Hydrocarbon Composition on Exhaust and Oxygenate emissions” SAE Paper #720251 1972
- National Academy of Sciences, Vapor-phase Organic Pollutants-Volatile hydrocarbons and Oxidation Products (Committee on Medical and Biologic Effect of Environmental Pollutants Division of Medical Sciences, Assembly of Life Sciences, National Research Council Washington, D. C. Chapter 2, and references cited therein 1976
- Hampton C. H. Harvey T. M. Pierson W. R. Updegrove W. S. Marano R. S. “Gases Emitted from Vehicles on the Road-I. Qualitative” in preparation
- Seizinger D. E. “Oxygenates in Treated Exhaust” United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Mines, Report No. BERC/RI-75/1 1975
- Seizinger D. E. Dimitrides B. “Oxygenates in Exhaust from Simple Hydrocarbon Fuels” J. Air Poll. Control Assoc. 1972
- Seizinger D. E. Dimitrides B. “Oxygenates in Automotive Exhaust: Effect of an Oxidation Catalyst” United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Mines, Report No. RI 7837 1973
- Matsuno M. et. al “Alcohol Engine Emissions - Emphasis on Unregulated Compounds” Alcohol Fuels Technology - Third International Symposium Asilomar, CA May 28-31 1979
- Bechtold R. Pullman J. B. “Driving Cycle Comparisons of Energy Economies and Emissions from an Alcohol and Gasoline Fueled Vehicle” Alcohol Fuels Technology - Third International Symposium Asilomar, CA, MA 28 31 1979
- Bechtold R. Pullman J. B. “Driving Cycle Economy, Emissions and Photochemical Reactivity Using Alcohol Fuels and Gasoline” SAE Paper #800260 1980
- Hilden D. Parks F. “A Single-Cylinder Engine Study of Methanol Fuel-Emphasis on Organic Emissions SAE Paper #800260 1976
- Allsup J. R. “Methanol/Gasoline Blends as Automotive Fuel” SAE Paper #750763 1975
- Maker P. Niki H. Savage C. N. Breitenbach L. “Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis of Trace Gases in the Atmosphere”, in “Monitoring Toxic Substances” Schuetzle D. ACS Symposium Series #94, Amer. Chem. Soc. Wash., D. C. 1979
- Schuetzle D. “Air Pollutants”, Chapter 32B in Biochemical Applications of Mass Spectrometry, Supplementary Volume Waller G. R. Dermer O. C. Wiley Interscience New York 970 1001 1980
- Schuetzle D. Prater T. J. Harvey T. M. Haage D. “Computer Controlled GC/High Emissions from Stationary Sources” Presented at Seventh International Mass Spectrometry Conference Florence, Italy September 1976
- Schuetzle D. Prater T. J. Hagge D. E. “Quantitative Analysis of Comples Environmental Samples by Computer Controlled Mass Spectrometry” Proceedings of the 23rd Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics Houston, Texas May 25 30 1975
- Prater T. J. Schuetzle D. Hagge D. E. “Rapid Survey Analysis of Complex Environmental Samples Using High Accuracy Mass Chromatography” Proceedings of the 23rd Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics Houston, Texas May 25-30 1975
- Chui G. Anderson R. Baker R. “Brazilian Vehicle Calibration for Ethanol Fuels” Alcohol Fuels Technology - Third International Symposium Asilomar, CA. May 28 31 1979
- Fisher G. E. Neerman J. C. “A Modified 3-Methyl 2-Benzothiazolene Hydrazone (MBTH) Method for the Determination of Total Aldehydes in Automotive Exhaust” Ford Motor Company, Sci. Res. Staff, Report No. ADM 67-3 April 11 1967
- Coordinating Research Council, Inc. “Oxygenates In Automotive Exhaust Gas: Part 1 - Techniques for Determining Aldehydes by the MBTH Method” CRC, Atlanta November 1967
- Jonsson A. Berg S. “Methylnitrite in the Exhaust from a Methanol/Gasoline Fueled Automobile” Chemosphere 835 841 1979