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The Severity of Equivalent Injuries of Vehicle Occupants in Accident-Trials With Dummies
Technical Paper
785031
Sector:
Language:
German
Abstract
Evaluation of the extent of bodily injury under reproducible
accident-conditions offers a means of testing auto-safety measures.
However, although the weight and dimensions of accident-trial
dummies correspond to those characteristics of humans, dummies
deform elastically in crashes whereas humans generally react
plastically, i.e. with broken bones and torn tissue; hence, direct
evaluation of equivalent bodily injury is not possible. The paper
presents methods for correlating measurable quantities in
dummy-trials to equivalent injuries sustained by humans under
similar circumstances.
Limitations of the linear AIS scale of injury severity lead to
formulation of hyperbolic tangent curves which directly relate
mechanical loading to extent of injury (EIS: equivalent index of
severity). The EIS formulation is then developed for evaluation of
injury to particular body parts~head, chest, etc.~and is
subsequently extended to a grading of total bodily injury.