This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Reactive Exhaust Emissions from Current and Future Emission Control Systems
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Data obtained from six vehicles equipped with current and advanced emission control systems are used to define fuel-exhaust compositional relationships for hydrocarbons and aldehydes, with special emphasis on photochemically reactive exhaust species. The vehicle emission control system is shown to strongly influence hydrocarbon mass emission level and hydrocarbon composition. However, the distribution of individual species within the two reactive hydrocarbon classes, olefins and aromatics, is shown to be only slightly affected by vehicle system. The exhaust olefin data from the current systems are used to define the relationship between exhaust olefin composition and branched character of the fuel paraffin fraction. Branched fuel paraffins are shown to favor propylene and C4 olefin production while straight chain paraffins are shown to favor ethylene production. Regression expressions are presented which relate individual and subclass exhaust olefin concentrations to the concentrations of various hydrocarbon classes in the fuel. The concentration of C7 and higher exhaust aromatic components are shown to be adequately described in terms of the concentrations of the corresponding components in the fuel. Correlations between exhaust benzaldehyde content and fuel toluene content, as well as between exhaust tolualdehyde and fuel xylene content are given, which appear to adequately describe the relationships between these oxygenated species and fuel composition. Data are given for a platinum oxidation catalyst-equipped vehicle, operated under nonoptimal conditions. The results of experiments designed to show the effects of restricted secondary air, high temperature excursions, and short-term exposure to fully leaded fuel on hydrocarbon and oxygenate mass and composition are discussed.
Recommended Content
| Technical Paper | The Effect of Unleaded Fuel Composition on Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emissions |
| Technical Paper | Exhaust Emission Levels of In-Use 1975 & 1976 California Automobiles |
Authors
Citation
Wigg, E., "Reactive Exhaust Emissions from Current and Future Emission Control Systems," SAE Technical Paper 730196, 1973, https://doi.org/10.4271/730196.Also In
References
- Dishart K. T. Harris W. C. “The Effect of Gasoline Hydrocarbon Composition on Automotive Exhaust Emissions.” Proc. Am. Petrol. Inst., Div. Refin. 48 1968 612 642
- Eccleston B. H. Hurn R. W. “Comparative Emissions from Some Leaded and Prototype Lead-Free Automobile Fuels.” Bureau of Mines, R.I. #7390 May 1970
- Hughes L. P. “The Effect of Fuel Composition on Automotive Exhaust Emissions.” June 1970
- Wigg E. E. Campion R. J. Petersen W. L. “The Effect of Fuel Hydrocarbon Composition on Exhaust Hydrocarbon and Oxygenate Emissions.” SAE Transactions 81 1972 paper 720251
- Morris W. E. Dishart K. T. “The Influence of Vehicle Emission Control Systems on the Relationship Between Gasoline and Vehicle Exhaust Hydrocarbon Composition.” Effect of Automotive Emission Requirements on Gasoline Characteristics ASTM STP487, American Society for Testing and Materials 1971 63 93
- Wigg E. E. “Fuel-Exhaust Compositional Relationships in Current and Advanced Emission Control Systems.” 37th Mid-Year Meeting of the American Petroleum Institute's Division of Refining New York City May 1972
- Lunt R. S. Bernstein L. S. Hansel J. G. Holt E. L. “Application of a Monel-Platinum Dual-Catalyst System to Automotive Emission Control.” SAE Transactions 81 1972 paper 720209
- Lang R. J. “A Well-Mixed Thermal Reactor System for Automotive Emission Control.” SAE Transactions 80 1971 paper 710608
- U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare “Control of Air Pollution from New Motor Vehicles and New Motor Vehicle Engines.” Federal Register 35 219 November 10 1970
- Environmental Protection Agency “Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures.” 36 128 July 2 1971
- Dishart K. T. “Exhaust Hydrocarbon Composition-Its Relation to Gasoline Composition.” 35th Mid-Year Meeting of the American Petroleum Institute's Division of Refining Houston May 1970
- Ninomiya J. S. Golovoy A. “Effects of Air-Fuel Ratio on Composition of Hydrocarbon Exhaust from Isooctane, Diisobutylene, Toluene, and Toluene-n-Heptane Mixture.” SAE Transactions 78 1969 paper 690504
- Altshuller A. P. “An Evaluation of Techniques for the Determination of the Photochemical Reactivity of Organic Emissions.” J. Air Poll. Cont. Assoc 16 257 1966