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Some Factors Contributing to Winter Hot Starting Difficulties in Automotive Engines
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Sector:
Event:
Mid-Year Meeting
Language:
English
Abstract
Factors contributing to winter hot starting difficulties encountered in some modern automotive gasoline engines were investigated in a two-phase study. These factors were evaluated first in test cars and then in a test stand engine under more closely controlled laboratory conditions. The effect of oil viscosity on an engine's hot cranking torque requirements and the ability of batteries at various charge levels to supply sufficient power to satisfy these requirements were extensively investigated; whereas the effects of viscosity index improvers, precombustion reactions, engine hot soak time, and oil temperature were only briefly investigated. The present ASTM D 445 viscosity at 210 F was shown to be inadequate for predicting the hot cranking performance of multigrade oils and a method for determining an oil's hot cranking “engine viscosity” was developed. The results show that battery condition and oil viscosity are major factors contributing to the winter hot starting problem and can cause hot starting failures without precombustion reactions contributing to the problem.
Authors
Citation
Stewart, R., Spohn, C., and Meyer, W., "Some Factors Contributing to Winter Hot Starting Difficulties in Automotive Engines," SAE Technical Paper 680415, 1968, https://doi.org/10.4271/680415.Also In
References
- Courtney R. L. “Some Effects of Crankcase Lubricant Viscosity on Engine Operation.” Paper 660541 SAE West Coast Meeting Los Angeles August 1966
- Spindt R. S. O'Malley D. R. “Abnormal Combustion at Engine Cranking Speeds.” Paper 293B SAE Automotive Engineering Congress Detroit January 1961
- Massa V. F. “Starting and Stopping Modern Engines.” SAE Trans 67 1959 125
- Bowditch F. W. Stebar R. F. “Auto Ignition Associated with Hot Starting.” SAE Trans 66 1958 179
- Stewart R. M. Meyer W. A. P. “Some Factors Affecting Starting of Cars at -10 F.” Paper 660542 SAE West Coast Meeting Los Angeles August 1966
- Okrent E. H. “The Effect of Lubricant Viscosity and Composition on Engine Friction and Bearing Wear.” ASLE Trans. 4 1961 97 108
- SAE Recommended Practice, Crankcase Oil Viscosity Classification - SAE J300a 1968 SAE Handbook 324