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Friction Characteristics of Controlled-Slip Differential Lubricants
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English
Abstract
Controlled-slip differentials (CSD) improve car operation under wheel slipping conditions. The performance of CSD's is dependent upon two criteria associated with clutch friction: “chatter” and “effectiveness.” “Chatter” is an undesirable noise which may occur during differential action. “Effectiveness” is a measure of the ability of the CSD clutches to transfer torque, during wheel slippage, to the wheel with the greater traction. The objective of this investigation was to definitely establish the cause of chatter, measure CSD effectiveness, and relate friction characteristics of lubricants to CSD operation.
In tests with an instrumented car, it was found that both chatter and effectiveness are strongly influenced by the lubricant. Chatter occurred with lubricants that produced an increase in clutch friction with decreasing sliding speed. Chatter did not occur with lubricants containing friction modifiers which produced a decrease in clutch friction with decreasing sliding speed. Unfortunately, these friction modifiers also reduced the CSD effectiveness by reducing the clutch friction.
To simulate CSD clutch plate sliding under more closely controlled laboratory conditions, the R-H Friction Apparatus was built. Results with this apparatus were correlated with those obtained with the car. Also, deterioration of CSD lubricant friction characteristics in car service was confirmed with the R-H Friction Apparatus.
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Authors
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Citation
Haviland, M., Goodwin, M., and Rodgers, J., "Friction Characteristics of Controlled-Slip Differential Lubricants," SAE Technical Paper 660778, 1966, https://doi.org/10.4271/660778.Also In
References
- Automotive Industries Statistical Issue 124 6 March 15 1961
- Automotive Industries Statistical Issue 134 6 March 15 1966
- Allen J. W “Modem Automotive Gear Lubricants.” Paper presented at 18th Annual Meeting of Independent Oil Compounders Association October 1965
- Lewis R. P. O'Brien L. J. “Limited Slip Differentials.” SAE Transactions 67 1959 203 212
- Dinsmore D. W. Smith A. H. “Multifunctional Friction - Modifying Agents.” Lubrication Engineering September 1964
- Haviland M. L Rodgers J. J. “Friction Characteristics of Automatic Transmission Fluids as Related to Transmission Operation.” Lubrication Engineering 17 3 March 1961 110 117
- Rodgers J. J. Haviland M. L. “Friction of Transmission Clutch Materials as Affected by Fluids, Additives, and Oxidation.” Paper 194A presented at SAE Summer Meeting Chicago June 1960
- Doyle W. P. Henry C. J. Thomas P. R. “A Fundamental Study of Antisquawk Agents.” Paper presented at SAE Fuels and Lubricants Meeting Tulsa October 1963