This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Meteoroid Design Criteria
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The effects of meteoroid protection weight requirements on space exploration costs are examined. A basis is developed for selecting upper and lower bounds to the acceptable risk. The quality of present knowledge of the meteoroid environment and of hypervelocity impact penetration is reviewed. This information is synthesized and criteria are developed that are suitable for selecting methods of designing simple and composite barrier systems. Techniques are established for controlling damage to spacecraft components. Short and long term goals are recommended to improve present design capability.
Authors
Citation
Lundeberg, J., "Meteoroid Design Criteria," SAE Technical Paper 650786, 1965, https://doi.org/10.4271/650786.Also In
References
- “Goddard Satellites Probe Space Sciences,” Aviation Week July 2 1962 183
- “Six New NASA Flight Projects Funded,” Missiles and Rockets Feb 11 1963 16
- Kendrick J. B. “Launch Vehicle Technology Study (U),” March 20 1965
- Beller W. S. “New Delta May Prove Most Economical,” Missiles and Rockets Aug 16 1965 24
- Shoemaker E. M. Chao E. C. T. “New Evidence for the Impact Origin of the Ries Basin, Bavaria, Germany,” J. Geophysical Research 66 10 Oct 1961
- Mason B. “Meteorites,” New York, N. Y. John Wiley & Sons 1962
- “Accidental Death and Injury Statistics,” October 1963
- “Tables of the Binomial Probability Distribution,” National Bureau of Standards Applied Mathematics Series 6 Jan. 27 1950
- Robertson W. H. “Tables of the Binomial Distribution Function for Small Values of P,” January 1960
- Alexander W. M. McCracken C. W. Secretan L. Berg O. E. “Review of Direct Measurements of Interplanetary Dust from Satellites and Probes.” Paper presented at COSPAR Meeting May 1962
- Nysmith C. R. Summers J. L. “Preliminary Investigation of Impact on Multiple Sheet Structures and an Evaluation of the Meteoroid Hazard to Space Vehicles,” September 1961
- Whipple F. L. The Meteoric Risk to Space Vehicles, in “Wistas in Astronautics.” New York Pergamon Press 1958
- Whipple F. L. “On Meteoroids and Penetration,” J. Geophysical Res. 68 17 Sept. 1 1963
- Duberg J. E. “The Meteoritic Hazard of the Environment of a Satellite,” May 1962
- Watson F. G. “Between the Planets.” Cambridge Harvard University Press 1956
- D’Aiutolo C. T. “Review of the Meteoroid Hazard Environment.” Paper presented at Ad Hoc Committee on Thermal Protection for Aerospace Vehicles, Materials Advisory Board of the National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council Oct. 2 1963
- Hawkins G. S. “The Meteor Population,” August 1963
- Davison E. H. Winslow P. C. “Space Debris Evaluation,” December 1961
- Hawkins G. S. Upton E. K. L. “The Influx Rate of Meteors in the Earth's Atmosphere,” Astrophysical J. 128 3 November 1958
- Hastings, E. C. Jr. “The Explorer XVI Micrometeoroid Satellite - Supplement III,” March 1964
- Allen C. W. “Astrophysical Quantities,” 2d ed. London University of London, Athlone Press 1963
- Clough N. Lieblein S. “Significance of Photographic Meteor Data in the Design of Meteoroid Protection for Large Space Vehicles,” August 1965
- Millman P. M. McIntosh B. A. “Meteor Radar Statistics, I,” Canadian J. Physics 42 September 1964
- Nazarova T. N. Bektabegov A. K. Komissarov O. D. “Preliminary Results of the Investigations of Meteoric Matter Along the Flight Trajectory of the Mars-I Interplanetary Station,” Kosmicheskie Issledovanlia 1 1 July–August 1963
- Bjork R. L. “Effects of a Meteoroid Impact on Steel and Aluminum in Space,” December 16 1958
- Bjork R. L. “Meteoroids Versus Space Vehicles,” April 9 1960
- Bjork R. L. “Review of Physical Processes in Hypervelocity Impact and Penetration.” Proc. Sixth Symposium on Hypervelocity Impact April 30 to May 2, 1963
- Walsh J. M. Tillotson J. H. “Hydrodynamics of Hypervelocity Impact.” Proc. Sixth Symposium on Hypervelocity Impact April 30 to May 2, 1963
- Walsh J. M. Johnson W. E. “On the Theory of Hypervelocity Impact.” Proc. Seventh Hypervelocity Impact Symposium November 17–19 1964
- Riney T. D. “Visco-Plastic Solution of Hypervelocity Impact Cratering Phenomenon.” Proc. Sixth Symposium on Hypervelocity Impact April 30 to May 2, 1963
- Riney T. D. Heyda J. F. “Hypervelocity Impact Calculations.” Proc. Seventh Hypervelocity Impact Symposium November 17–19 1964
- Charters A. C. Locke, G. S. Jr. “A Preliminary Investigation of High-Speed Impact: The Penetration of Small Spheres into Thick Copper Targets,” May 28 1958
- Summers J. L. Charters A. C. “High-Speed Impact of Metal Projectiles in Targets of Various Materials.” Proc. Third Symposium on Hypervelocity Impact October 7–9 1958
- Payne J. J. “Impacts of Aluminum, Stainless Steel, Titanium, Magnesium, and Lead into Semi-infinite Targets of Aluminum and Stainless Steel,” February 1965
- Posever F. C. Scully C. N. “Investigation of Structural Implications of Meteoroid Impact,” July 1964
- Kinard W. H. Collins, R. D. Jr. “Investigation of High-Velocity Impact Cratering into Nonmetallic Targets and Correlation of Penetration Data for Metallic and Non-metallic Targets,” February 1961
- Summers J. L. “Investigation of High-Speed Impact; Regions of Impact and Impact at Oblique Angles,” October 1959
- Herrmann W. Jones A. H. “Survey of Hypervelocity Impact Information,” September 1961
- Kinard W. H. Lambert, C. H. Jr. Schryer D. R. Casey, F. W. Jr. “Effect of Target Thickness on Cratering and Penetration of Projectiles Impacting at Velocities to 13,000 Feet per Second,” August 28 1958
- Eichelberger R. L. Gehring J. W. “Effects of Meteoroid Impacts on Space Vehicles,” December 1961
- Mortensen R. B. Ferguson J. E. Joyce J. P. Kreyenhagen K. N. “Effects of 3 to 12 Km/Sec Impacts on Finite Targets.” Proc. Sixth Symposium on Hypervelocity Impact April 30 to May 2, 1963
- McMillan A. R. “An Investigation of the Penetration of Hypervelocity Projectiles into Composite Laminates.” Proc. Sixth Symposium on Hypervelocity Impact April 30 to May 2, 1963
- Chandler R. L. “The Development of Space Structure Design Criteria through Meteoroid Impact Simulation Experiments, Part II,” J. Environmental Sciences June 1965
- Watson R. W. Becker K. R. Gibson F. C. “Thin Plate Perforation Studies with Projectiles in the Velocity Range from 2 to 5 Km/Sec.” Proc. Sixth Symposium on Hypervelocity Impact April 30 to May 2, 1963
- Kineke, J. H. Jr. “An Experimental Study of Crater Formation in Metallic Targets.” Proc. Fourth Symposium on Hypervelocity Impact April 26–28 1960
- Bruce E. P. “Hypervelocity Impact on Single Thin Sheet Structures--Incipient Perforation Conditions.” Proc. Seventh Hypervelocity Impact Symposium November 17–19 1964
- Whipple F. L. Meteoritic Phenomena and Meteorites, Chapter 10 in “The Physics and Medicine of the Upper Atmosphere.” Albuquerque University of New Mexico Press 1952
- Willis F. J. Semon H. S. “A Multistage H. E. Activated Hypervelocity Gun.” Proc. Third Symposium on Hypervelocity Impact October 7–9 1958
- Olshaker A. E. “An Experimental Investigation in Lead of the Whipple ‘Meteor Bumper’.” Proc. Fourth Symposium on Hypervelocity Impact April 26–28 1960
- Funkhouser J. O. “A Preliminary Investigation of the Effects of Bumpers as a Means of Reducing Projectile Penetration,” April 1961
- Wallace R. R. Vinson J. R. Kornhauser M. “Effects of Hypervelocity Particles on Shielded Structures,” ARS J August 1962 1231 1237
- Rolsten R. F. Hunt H. H. Wellnitz J. J. “Study of Principles of Meteoroid Protection,” April 1962
- Nysmith C. R. Summers J. L. “An Experimental Investigation of the Impact Resistance of Double-Sheet Structure at Velocities of 24,000 Feet per Second,” October 1962
- Pipitone S. J. Reynolds B. W. “Effectiveness of Foam Structures for Meteoroid Protection,” J. Spacecraft and Rockets 1 1 January 1964 37 43
- Summers J. L. Nysmith C. R. “The Resistance of a Variety of Composite Space Structures to Hypervelocity Impact.” Fifth Annual Structures and Materials Conference (AIAA) April 1964
- Zimmerman F. J. “Application of Fiber Metals to the Meteoroid Protection Problem,” J. Spacecraft and Rockets 2 1 January–February 1965 104 105
- Rolsten R. F. Hunt H. H. “Phenomena Resulting from Hypervelocity Impact,” J. Spacecraft and Rockets 2 1 January–February 1965
- Lundeberg J. F. Stern P. H. Bristow R. J. “Meteoroid Protection for Spacecraft Structures,” October 1965
- Zender G. W. Davidson J. R. “Structural Requirements of Large Manned Space Stations,” August 1962
- Davidson J. R. Sandroff P. E. “Environmental Problems of Space Flight Structures, II. Meteoroid Hazard,” January 1963
- Vale R. E. Spacecraft Structural Concepts, Chapter 9, of “Manned Spacecraft: Engineering Design and Operation.” New York Fairchild Publications 1964
- Frost V. C. “Aerospace Meteoroid Environment and Penetration Criterion,” August 17 1964
- Bristow R. J. “Low Density Fillers--Fiberglass,” November 20 1964
- Bristow R. J. “K Factors,” December 4 1964
- Lee D. H. Burch, G. T. Jr. “Impact Damage to Spacecraft Cabins,” April 15 1964
- Hanny J. F. “Microencapsulated Sealant and Self-Sealant Compounds,” August 1964
- D’Anna P. J. Heitz R. M. Piechocki J. J. “Self-Sealing Structures for Control of the Meteoroid Hazard to Space Vehicles,” October 1964
- Tuckerman A.J. Crepeau P. C. “Self-Sealants and Sealants for Aerospace Vehicles,” March 1965
- Gell C. F. Thompson A. B. Stembridge V. “Biological Effects of Simulated Micrometeoroid Penetration of a Sealed Chamber Containing Animal Specimens,” Aerospace Medicine 33 1962 156 161
- McKinney R. Stembridge V. A. “Study of Optimum Environmental Protection Against Meteoroid Penetration,” February 1963
- Christian J. L. Hirlich A. “Physical and Mechanical Properties of Pressure Vessel Materials for Application in a Cryogenic Environment--Part II,” April 1963
- Haller N. C. “Comparison of Heat-Rejection and Weight Characteristics of Several Radiator Fin-Tube Configurations,” July 1964
- Sparrow E. M. Minkowycz W. J. “Heat-Transfer Characteristics of Several Radiator Finned-Tube Configurations,” November 1962
- Volkoff J. J. “Temperature Control Engineering of a Nuclear-Electric Spacecraft,” May 1962
- Lieblein S. Clough N. McMillan A. R. “Hypervelocity Impact Damage Characteristics in Armored Space Radiator Tubes,” September 1964
- Flaherty R. J. “Heat-Transfer and Weight Analysis of Moving-Belt Radiator System for Waste Heat Rejection in Space,” August 1964
- Karachentsev I. D. “The Effect of Micro-Meteorite Particles on Optical Surfaces of Telescopes Outside the Earth's Atmosphere,” Space Sci. 12 1965 77 85
- Hoeing S. A. Ritter A. “Problems in Meteoric Erosion.” Proc. Second Hypervelocity and Impact Effects Symposium December 1957
- Henderson R. A. Stanley P. “The Effect of Micrometeorites on Reflecting Surfaces.” Proc. Environmental Sciences 1960 108 109
- Mark H. Goldberg G. Mirtich M. H. “Determination of Cratering Energy Densities for Metal Targets by Means of Reflectivity Measurements,” J. AIAA 2 1964 905 906
- Eggleston J. M. “Establishment of Environmental Risks,” Lectures in Aerospace Medicine, School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks AFB Texas Feb. 3–7 1964
- Watkins H. D. “Mariner 4 Photos, Data Reducing Unknowns About Mars,” Aviation Week July 26 1965 16