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Water injection enabling high efficiency flex fuel engines development
Technical Paper
2021-36-0082
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Event:
SAE BRASIL 2021 Web Forum
Language:
English
Abstract
It has been largely announced that automotive industry is going through a disruption moment regarding applied powertrain technologies due to the efforts to decrease CO2 and pollutant gases emission, mainly through related legislations of different countries and regions. European and Asian future legislations are going to demand some electrification introduction, whether hybrid or fully electric, but even different technologies such as fuel cells and synthetic fuels over the next few years. In Brazil, with the upswing of biofuels use, considering a well to wheel CO2 emission calculation, the usage of hydrated ethanol or ethanol mixed up with gasoline in different proportions is a great solution for a continuous and progressive automotive fleet decarbonization, in parallel or associated with electrification, in a favorable pace for the market conditions.
This evolution, for instance, could be better planned to avoid impacts on PowerGrid and in internal combustion engines portfolio at market, since hybrid and electric vehicles which are still too costly and depend on subsidies for sale. This paper aims to show how water injection technology enables high efficiency flex fuel engines development, focused on ethanol performance, granting to Brazil a smoother path through future national fleet electrification. The energy efficiency in Mega Joules per Kilometer, improved through higher geometrical compression ratio, enhanced up to 7.3% (from 1.59 to 1.47 MJ/km) in a natural aspirated port fuel injection vehicle and up to 4.8% (from 1.85 to 1.76 MJ/km) in a turbocharged direct injection vehicle. Following this path, Flex Fuel engines can be better explored and improved if the right technology is used. Setting up the geometrical compression ratio focusing on ethanol properties could rise both ethanol and gasoline energy efficiency, as water injection can control knocking phenomena through managing combustion chamber temperature.
Authors
- Gustavo Santos Lopes - Robert Bosch LTDA
- Marcello Francisco Brunocilla - Robert Bosch LTDA
- Rafael Lara Franco - Robert Bosch LTDA
- Fernando de Oliveira Junior - Robert Bosch LTDA
- Marcus Vinicius Oliveira Lopes - Robert Bosch LTDA
- Paulo César de Ferreira Gomes - Retired, former Robert Bosch LTDA employee
Topic
Citation
Lopes, G., Brunocilla, M., Franco, R., de Oliveira Junior, F. et al., "Water injection enabling high efficiency flex fuel engines development," SAE Technical Paper 2021-36-0082, 2022, https://doi.org/10.4271/2021-36-0082.Also In
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