This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Experimental Investigations on the Effects of Multiple Injections in Reactivity-Controlled Compression Ignition in a Light-Duty Engine Operated with Gasoline/Diesel
Technical Paper
2020-01-5072
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Event:
Automotive Technical Papers
Language:
English
Abstract
Reactivity-Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) is a promising low-temperature combustion (LTC) strategy to mitigate the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and soot emissions. However, the unburned hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions are much higher in RCCI compared to the conventional diesel combustion (CDC). In this present work, multiple injections of the direct-injected (DI) diesel fuel are explored as a potential method to reduce the high HC and CO emissions. Although significant research works have been done in the past on RCCI combustion in different engine types, investigations on small air-cooled diesel engines are very limited. In the present work, a production light-duty air-cooled diesel engine is modified to run in RCCI, with diesel as the high-reactivity fuel and gasoline as the low-reactivity fuel. Before modifications, the engine is run in CDC with production settings. In RCCI, experiments are initially performed with single-pulse DI. The DI fuel timings and the port injected-to-total fuel ratio are optimized at each load conditions, using a suitable controller to achieve maximum brake thermal efficiency (BTE). The results obtained from single-injection RCCI show near-zero nitric oxide (NO) and soot emissions, but significantly higher HC and CO emissions compared to CDC. The experiments are then performed with multiple injections of DI fuel in RCCI. The pilot injection timing and the port injected-to-total fuel ratio are optimized at each load conditions to achieve low HC and CO emissions. The effects of the split ratio between the pilot and main injection pulses are also studied. The engine performance and emissions with multiple injections RCCI are compared with those of single-injection RCCI and CDC. The results obtained show that the HC and CO emissions are reduced in multiple-injection RCCI at all the load conditions with a maximum reduction of 49% without any significant change in NO and soot emissions. The engine BTE with single and multiple injections in RCCI remained almost the same.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Sai Ram, P. and Krishnasamy, A., "Experimental Investigations on the Effects of Multiple Injections in Reactivity-Controlled Compression Ignition in a Light-Duty Engine Operated with Gasoline/Diesel," SAE Technical Paper 2020-01-5072, 2020, https://doi.org/10.4271/2020-01-5072.Data Sets - Support Documents
Title | Description | Download |
---|---|---|
Unnamed Dataset 1 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 2 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 3 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 4 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 5 |
Also In
References
- Chapman , L. Transport and Climate Change: A Review Journal of Transport Geography. 15 354 367 2007 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2006.11.008
- Matsuoka , S. and Tasaka , H. Which Would be Better, the S.I or C.I Engine, from the View Point of Fuel Consumption? SAE Technical Paper 811374 1981 https://doi.org/10.4271/811374
- Moser , F. , Sams , T. , and Cartellieri , W. Impact of Future Exhaust Gas Emission Legislation on the Heavy Duty Truck Engine SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-0186 2001 https://doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-0186
- Stumpp , G. and Ricco , M. Common Rail - An Attractive Fuel Injection System for Passenger Car DI Diesel Engines SAE Technical Paper 960870 1996 https://doi.org/10.4271/960870
- Law , D. , Kemp , D. , Allen , J. , Kirkpatrick , G. , and Copland , T. Controlled Combustion in an IC engine with a Fully Variable Valve Train SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-0251 2001 https://doi.org/104271/2001-01-0251
- Stefanopoulou , A.G. , Kolmanovsky , I. , and Freudenberg , J.S. Control of Variable Geometry Turbocharged Diesel Engines for Reduced Emissions IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology 8 4 733 745 July 2000 https://doi.org/10.1109/87.852917
- Cavina , N. , Mancini , G. , Corti , E. , Moro , D. et al. Thermal Management Strategies for SCR After Treatment Systems SAE Technical Paper 2013-24-0153 2013 https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-24-0153
- Tiwari , R. and Balagangatharan , B. Experimental Analysis of LNT/DPF after Treatment System on a Passenger Car for Indian Road Condition SAE Technical Paper 2019-26-0155 2019 https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-26-0155
- Di Blasio , G. , Beatrice , C. , Ianniello , R. , Pesce , F.C. et al. Balancing Hydraulic Flow and Fuel Injection Parameters for Low-Emission and High-Efficiency Automotive Diesel Engines SAE Int. J. Advances & Curr. Prac. in Mobility 2 2 638 652 2020 https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-24-0111
- Beatrice , C. , Di Blasio , G. , Pesce , F.C. , Vassallo , A. et al. Key Fuel Injection System Features for Efficiency Improvement in Future Diesel Passenger Cars SAE Int. J. Advances & Curr. Prac. in Mobility 1 3 1084 1099 2019 https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0547
- Beatrice , C. , Di Blasio , G. , and Belgiorno , G. Experimental Analysis of Functional Requirements to Exceed the 100 kW/l in High-speed Light-duty Diesel Engines Fuel 3 1 23 36 2002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2017.06.112
- International Council on Clean transportation Apr. 2016 https://theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/India%20BS%20VI%20Policy%20Update%20vF.pdf 2020
- Asad , U. , Divekar , P. , Zheng , M. , and Tjong , J. Low Temperature Combustion Strategies for Compression Ignition Engines: Operability limits and Challenges SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-0283 2013 https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-0283
- Pandian , M.M. and Krishnasamy , A. A Comparison of Different Low Temperature Combustion Strategies in a Small Single Cylinder Diesel Engine under Low Load Conditions SAE Technical Paper 2017-01-2363 2017 https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-2363
- Gray , A. and Ryan , T. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) of Diesel Fuel SAE Technical Paper 971676 1997 https://doi.org/10.4271/971676
- Yao , M. , Zheng , Z. , and Liu , H. Progress and Recent Trends in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engines Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 35 5 398 437 2009 Oct 1
- Belgiorno , G. , Dimitrakopoulos , N. , Di Blasio , G. , Beatrice , C. , Tunestal , P. , and Tuner , M. Effect of the Engine Calibration Parameters on Gasoline Partially Premixed Combustion Performance and Emissions Compared to Conventional Diesel Combustion in a Light-Duty Euro 6 Engine, Applied Energy 228 2221 2234 2018
- Hildingsson , L. , Kalghatgi , G.T. , Tait , N. , Johansson , B. , and Harrison , A. Fuel Octane Effects in the Partially Premixed Combustion regime in Compression Ignition Engines SAE Technical Paper 2009-01-2648 2009 https://doi.org/10.4271/2009-01-2648
- Gupta , S. and Krishnasamy , A. Experimental Investigations to Extend the Load Range of Premixed Charge Compression Ignited Light Duty Diesel Engine through Fuel Modifications SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-0953 2019 https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0953
- Bessonette , P.W. , Schleyer , C.H. , Duffy , K.P. , Hardy , W.L. , and Liechty , M.P. Effects of fuel property changes on heavy-duty HCCI combustion SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0191 2007 https://doi.org/10.4271/2007-01-0191
- Inagaki , K. , Fuyuto , T. , Nishikawa , K. , Nakakita , K. , and Sakata , I. Dual-Fuel PCI Combustion Controlled by In-cylinder Stratification of Ignitability SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-0028 2006 https://doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-0028
- Pohlkamp , K. and Reitz , R. Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) in a Single-Cylinder Air-Cooled HSDI Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2012-32-0074 2012 https://doi.org/10.4271/2012-32-0074
- Kokjohn , S.L. , Hanson , R.M. , Splitter , D.A. , and Reitz , R.D. Fuel Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI): A Pathway to Controlled High-Efficiency Clean Combustion International Journal of Engine Research 12 3 209 226 2011 https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087411401548
- Li , J. , Yang , W. , and Zhou , D. Review on the Management of RCCI Engines Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 69 65 79 2017 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.159
- Splitter , D.A. , Wissink , M.L. , Hendricks , T.L. , Ghandhi , J.B. , and Reitz , R.D. Comparison of RCCI, HCCI, and CDC Operation from Low to Full Load THIESEL 2012 Conference on Thermo- and Fluid Dynamic Processes in Direct Injection Engines Valencia, Spain 2012
- Pandian , M.M. and Krishnasamy , A. A Comparison of Conventional and Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) Combustion Modes in a Small Single Cylinder Air-Cooled Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2017-01-2365 2017 https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-2365
- Dempsey , A.B. , Walker , N.R. , Gingrich , E. , and Reitz , R.D. Comparison of Low Temperature Combustion Strategies for Advanced Compression Ignition Engines with a Focus on Controllability Combustion Science and Technology 186 2 210 241 2014 https://doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2013.858137
- Splitter , D. , Hanson , R. , Kokjohn , S. , Wissink , M. et al. Injection Effects in Low Load RCCI Dual-Fuel Combustion SAE Technical Paper 2011-24-0047 2011 https://doi.org/10.4271/2011-24-0047
- Benajes , J. , García , A. , Monsalve-Serrano , J. , and Martínez-Boggio , S. Emissions Reduction from Passenger Cars with RCCI Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Technology Applied Thermal Engineering 164 2020 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114430
- Pandian , M.M. and Krishnasamy , A. Experimental Optimization of Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition Combustion in a Light Duty Diesel Engine Applied Thermal Engineering 138 48 61 2018 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.04.045
- Kokjohn , S. , Hanson , R. , Splitter , D. , Kaddatz , J. et al. Fuel Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) Combustion in Light- and Heavy-Duty Engines SAE Int. J. Engines 4 1 360 374 2011 https://doi.org/10.4271/2011-01-0357
- Dempsey , A. , Walker , N. , and Reitz , R. Effect of Piston Bowl Geometry on Dual Fuel Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) in a Light-Duty Engine Operated with Gasoline/Diesel and Methanol/Diesel SAE Int. J. Engines 6 1 78 100 2013 https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-0264
- Benajes , J. , Molina , S. , García , A. , Belarte , E. , and Vanvolsem , M. An Investigation on RCCI Combustion in a Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Using In-cylinder Blending of Diesel and Gasoline Fuels Appl. Therm. Eng. 63 1 66 76 2014 Feb 5