This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Measurement of Sub-23 nm particles emitted by gasoline direct injection engine with new advanced instrumentation
Technical Paper
2019-01-2195
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The research on health effects of soot particles has demonstrated their toxic impact on humans, especially for the smallest ones that can pass through the lungs into the bloodstream and be transferred to other parts of the body. Since the Euro 5b regulation, the total particle number (PN) at the exhaust is limited, but the associated protocol developed by the Particle Measurement Program (PMP) group defined a counting efficiency at the 23 nm cut-off particle diameter to avoid measurement artefacts [1][2]. Recent studies have demonstrated that the last generation Euro 6 engines can emit as many particles in the range 10-23 nm as beyond 23 nm [3].
The SUREAL-23 project (Understanding, Measuring and Regulating Sub-23 nm Particle Emissions from Direct Injection Engines Including Real Driving Conditions), funded by Horizon 2020 EU-program, aims to develop sampling, conditioning and measuring instruments and associated methodologies to extend the existing protocol down to at least 10 nm. This measurement setup was evaluated on various light duty direct injection platforms. This communication focuses on a gasoline-DI vehicle with a Euro 6b engine. Tests were conducted on multiple operating conditions (moderate and aggressive driving cycles, hot and cold starts, and several fuel and lubricant formulations). Sampling and conditioning were done with a two-stage dilution system, with a built-in catalytic stripper. The prototype instruments have been compared to commercial reference soot particle analyzers (TSI CPC, Horiba MEXA-2000 SPCS and Cambustion DMS500). A good consistency between all the measurements was demonstrated, with a satisfactory repeatability and robustness of the proposed measurement setup and of the associated methodology.
An on-board version of the proposed setup is currently being developed to allow PN measurement in Real Driving Emissions (RDE) conditions.
Recommended Content
Authors
- Stéphane Zinola - IFP Energies nouvelles, Institut Carnot IFPEN TE, France
- Mickaël Leblanc - IFP Energies nouvelles, Institut Carnot IFPEN TE, France
- Loïc Rouleau - IFP Energies nouvelles, Institut Carnot IFPEN TE, France
- Xavier Dunand - IFP Energies nouvelles, Institut Carnot IFPEN TE, France
- Penelope Baltzopoulou - Aerosol & Particle Technology Laboratory (APTL), CPERI/C
- Leonidas Chasapidis - Aerosol & Particle Technology Laboratory (APTL), CPERI/C
- Daniil Deloglou - Aerosol & Particle Technology Laboratory (APTL), CPERI/C
- Anastasios D. Melas - Aerosol & Particle Technology Laboratory (APTL), CPERI/C
- Athanasios G. Konstandopoulos - Aerosol & Particle Technology Laboratory (APTL), CPERI/C
- Tobias Rüggeberg - Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz (FHNW), Switzerland
- Martin Fierz - Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz (FHNW), Switzerland
- Heinz Burtscher - Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz (FHNW), Switzerland
- Alberto Tejero - Sociedad Europea de Análisis Diferencial de Movilidad SL (SE
- Mario Amo - Sociedad Europea de Análisis Diferencial de Movilidad SL (SE
- Daoíz Zamora - Sociedad Europea de Análisis Diferencial de Movilidad SL (SE
Citation
Zinola, S., Leblanc, M., Rouleau, L., Dunand, X. et al., "Measurement of Sub-23 nm particles emitted by gasoline direct injection engine with new advanced instrumentation," SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-2195, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-2195.Also In
References
- B. Giechaskiel , B, P. Dilara , J. Andersson , Particle Measurement Program (PMP) light-duty inter-laboratory exercise: Repeatability and reproducibility of the particle number method Aerosol Science and Technology 42 7 528 543 2008
- B. Giechaskiel , R. Chirico , P.F. DeCarlo et al. Evaluation of the Particle Measurement Program (PMP) protocol to remove the vehicles' exhaust aerosol volatile phase Science of the Total Environment, 408 21 5106 5116 2010
- B. Giechaskiel et al. Investigation of vehicle exhaust sub-23 nm particle emissions Aerosol Science and Technology 51 5 626 641 2017
- I.A. Khalek Sampling System for Solid and Volatile Exhaust Particle Size, Number, and Mass Emissions SAE 2007-01-0307 2007
- Chasapidis L. , Melas A. , et al. A sampling and conditioning particle system for solid particle measurements down to 10 nm, 14 th International Conference on Engines and Vehicles 2019
- J. Fernandez de la Mora Expanded flow rate range of high-resolution nanoDMAs via improved sample flow injection at the aerosol inlet slit Journal of Aerosol Science 113 265 275 2017
- J. Fernandez de la Mora , L.J. Perez-Lorenzo , G. Arranz , M. Amo-Gonzalez , H. Burtscher Fast high-resolution nanoDMA measurements with a 25 ms response time electrometer Aerosol Science and Technology 51 6 724 734 2017
- M. Fierz , D. Meier , P. Steigmeier and H. Burtscher Aerosol measurements by induced currents Aerosol Science and Technology 48 4 350 357 2014
- De Evangelos G. Giakoumis Driving and Engine Cycles, P81 2017
- MM. Maricq Impact of aggressive drive cycles on motor vehicle exhaust PM emissions Journal of Aerosol Science 113 1 11 2017