This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
The Kinematic Analysis of Occupant Excursions and Accelerations during Staged Low Speed Far-Side Lateral Vehicle-to-Vehicle Impacts
Technical Paper
2019-01-1030
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The collection of research regarding occupant kinematics during low speed lateral vehicle-to-vehicle impacts is far less comprehensive than the much larger body of literature that quantifies the occupant kinematics associated with low speed rear end (longitudinal) impacts. In order to augment the available data, a series of 39 low speed far-side lateral vehicle-to-vehicle impacts were conducted in a laboratory setting. A combination of accelerometers and 3D motion tracking was used to characterize the motions of both the Target and Bullet vehicles during their collisions. The Target vehicle was initially stationary; the Bullet vehicle impacted the Target vehicle at the front passenger side door. The Bullet vehicle pre-impact speeds across all tests ranged from approximately 2.5 to 5.5 mph (4.0 to 8.9 kph; 1.1 to 2.5 m/s).
Eight volunteers participated in the study. Volunteers were seated in the driver seat during the impacts and were outfitted with accelerometers on their head and wore reflective markers for 3D motion tracking on the left side of their body. The experimental design included conducting lateral impacts while the volunteers were in both “non-distracted” and “distracted” states to identify any potential influence on occupant kinematics. In addition, effects of gender and anthropometry were explored. Primary outcome measures that were analyzed for each lateral impact included occupant accelerations measured at the head and the lateral displacement of the head relative to its initial position prior to impact. Volunteer peak resultant head accelerations (including gravity) ranged from 1.90 to 4.32 g. The peak Y-axis displacement of the head relative to the Target vehicle and away from the driver side B-pillar was 3.86 to 12.16 inches (9.80 to 30.89 cm) while the peak Y-axis displacement of the head relative to the Target vehicle and toward the driver side B-pillar ranged from 0.02 to 7.34 inches (0.05 to 18.64 cm). In all trials, the head displacement toward the driver side B-pillar was insufficient to cause physical contact.
Recommended Content
Authors
Citation
Shibata, P., Roberts, J., Sprague, J., Light, A. et al., "The Kinematic Analysis of Occupant Excursions and Accelerations during Staged Low Speed Far-Side Lateral Vehicle-to-Vehicle Impacts," SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-1030, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-1030.Data Sets - Support Documents
| Title | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Unnamed Dataset 1 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 2 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 3 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 4 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 5 |
Also In
References
- Szabo , T.J. , Welcher , J.B. , Anderson , R.D. , Rice , M.M. et al. Human Occupant Kinematic Response to Low Speed Rear-End Impacts SAE Technical Paper 940532 1994 10.4271/940532
- Scott , M.W. , McConnell , W.E. , Guzman , H.M. , Howard , R.P. et al. Comparison of Human and ATD Head Kinematics during Low-Speed Rearend Impacts SAE Technical Paper 930094 1993 10.4271/930094
- McConnell , W.E. , Howard , R.P. , Guzman , H.M. , Bomar , J.B. et al. Analysis of Human Test Subject Kinematic Responses to Low Velocity Rear End Impacts SAE Technical Paper 930889 1993 10.4271/930889
- Braun , T.a. , Jhoun , J.H. , Braun , M.J. , Wong , B.M. et al. Rear-End Impact Testing with Human Test Subjects SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-0168 2001 10.4271/2001-01-0168
- Ivory , M.A. , Furbish , C.J. , and Hoffman , M.R. Brake Pedal Response and Occupant Kinematics During Low Speed Rear-End Collisions SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-0067 2010 10.4271/2010-01-0067
- Brach , R.M. Modeling of Low-Speed, Front-to-Rear Vehicle Impacts SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-0491 2003 10.4271/2003-01-0491
- Bailey , M.N. , Wong , B.C. , and Lawrence , J.M. Data and Methods for Estimating the Severity of Minor Impacts SAE Technical Paper 950352 1995 10.4271/950352
- Bonugli , E. , Wirth , J. , Funk , J. , Cormier , J. et al. Characterization of Force Deflection Properties for Vehicular Bumper-to-Bumper Interactions SAE Int. J. Trans. Safety 2 2 336 354 2014
- Szabo , T.J. , Voss , D.P. , and Welcher , J.B. Relationships Between Impact Pulse Duration and Occupant Kinematics in Low Speed Rear Impacts SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-0029 2002 10.4271/2002-01-0029
- Tanner , C.B. , Wiechel , J.F. , Bixel , R.A. , Cheng , P.H. et al. Coefficients of Restitution for Low and Moderate Speed Impacts with Non-Standard Impact Configurations SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-0891 2001 10.4271/2001-01-0891
- Howard , R.P. , Bomar , J. , and Bare , C. Vehicle Restitution Response in Low Velocity Collision SAE Technical Paper 931842 1993 10.4271/931842
- Keiffer , O. , Layson , P. , and Reckamp , B. The Effects of Seated Position on Occupant Kinematics in Low-Speed Rear-End Impacts SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-1204 2005 10.4271/2005-01-1204
- Anderson , R.D. , Welcher , J.B. , Szabo , T.J. , Eubanks , J.J. et al. Effect of Braking on Human Occupant and Vehicle Kinematics in Low Speed, Rear-End Collisions SAE Technical Paper 980298 1998 10.4271/980298
- Szabo , T.J. and Welcher , J.B. Human Subject Kinematics and Electromyographic Activity during Low Speed Rear Impacts SAE Technical Paper 962432 1996 10.4271/962432
- Zaouk , A.K. , Eigen , A.M. , and Digges , K.H. Occupant Injury Patterns in Side Crashes SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-0723 2001 10.4271/2001-01-0723
- Laberge-Nadeau , C. , Bellavance , F. , Messier , S. , Vézina , L. , and Pichette , F. Occupant Injury Severity from Lateral Collisions: A Literature Review J. Safety Res. 40 6 427 435 2009 10.1016/j.jsr.2009.08.005
- Mackay , G.M. , Hill , J. , and Parkin , S. Restrained Occupants on the Nonstruck Side in Lateral Collisions Accident Analysis and Prevention 147 152 1993
- Gabler , H.H.C. , Digges , K.K. , Fildes , B.B.N. , and Sparke , L. Side Impact Injury Risk for Belted Far Side Passenger Vehicle Occupants SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-0287 2005 10.4271/2005-01-0287
- Scarboro , M. , Rudd , R. , and Sochor , M. Nearside Occupants in Low Delta-V Side Impact Crashes: Analysis of Injury and Vehicle Damage Patterns Natl. Highw. Traffic Saf. Adm. Univ. Michigan Transp. Res. Inst. Paper No. 1 14 2007
- Imler , S.M. , Heller , M.F. , Corrigan , C.F. , Zhao , K. , and Watson , H.N. The Effect of Side Impact Collision Delta-V, Restraint Status, and Occupant Position on Injury Outcome SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-1158 2010 10.4271/2010-01-1158
- Zaborowski , A.B. Human Tolerance to Lateral Impact with Lap Belt Only* 10.4271/640843
- Ewing , C.L. , Thomas , D.J. , Lustick , L. , Muzzy , W.H. III et al. Effect of Initial Position on the Human Head and Neck Response to +Y Impact Acceleration SAE Technical Paper 780888 1978 10.4271/780888
- Toor , A. , Roenitz , E. , Johal , R. , Overgaard , R. et al. Practical Analysis Technique for Quantifying Sideswipe Collisions SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-0094 1999 10.4271/1999-01-0094
- Arbogast , K.B. , Mathews , E.a. , Seacrist , T. , Maltese , M.R. et al. The Effect of Pretensioning and Age on Torso Rollout in Restrained Human Volunteers in Far-Side Lateral and Oblique Loading Stapp Car Crash J. 56 October 443 467 2012 10.1556/AAlim.2015.0002
- Ewing , C.L. , Thomas , D.J. , Lustick , L. , Muzzy , W.H. III et al. Dynamic Response of the Human Head and Neck to +Gy Impact Acceleration SAE Technical Paper 770928 1977 10.4271/770928
- Mathews , E.A. , Seacrist , T. , Maltese , M.R. , Arbogast , K.B. et al. Comparison of Pediatric and Young Adult Far-Side Head Kinematics in Low-Speed Lateral and Oblique Impacts Enhanc. Saf. Veh. 13-0345 2013
- Parenteau , C. Far-Side Occupant Kinematics in Low Speed Lateral Sled Traffic Inj. Prev. 7 2 164 170 2006 10.1080/15389580500482005
- Matsushita , T. , Sato , T.B. , Hirabayashi , K. , Fujimura , S. et al. X-Ray Study of the Human Neck Motion Due to Head Inertia Loading SAE Technical Paper 942208 1994 10.4271/942208
- Fugger , T.F. , Randles , B.C. , Wobrock , J.L. , Welcher , J.B. et al. Human Occupant Kinematics in Low Speed Side Impacts SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-0020 2002 10.4271/2002-01-0020
- Beier , G. , Schuck , M. , Schuller , E. , and Spann , W. Determination of Physical Data of the Head I. Center of Gravity and Moments of Inertia of Human Heads 1979
- SAE International Surface Vehicle Information Report 2007
- Cipriani , A. , Bayan , F. , Woodhouse , M. , Cornetto , A. et al. Low Speed Collinear Impact Severity: A Comparison between Full Scale Testing and Analytical Prediction Tools with Restitution Analysis SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-0540 2002 10.4271/2002-01-0540
- Montgomery , D.C. Design and Analysis of Experiments 5th New York John Wiley and Sons 2001 0-471-31649-0
- Bartlett , W. , Baxter , A. , and Livesay , E. Comparison of Drag-Sled and Skidding-Vehicle Drag Factors on Dry Roadways SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-1398 2006 10.4271/2006-01-1398