This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Diagnostics of Field-Aged Three-Way Catalyst (TWC) on Stoichiometric Natural Gas Engines
Technical Paper
2019-01-0998
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Three-way catalysts have been used in a variety of stoichiometric natural gas engines for emission control. During real-world operation, these catalysts have experienced a large number of temporary and permanent deactivations including thermal aging and chemical contamination. Thermal aging is typically induced either by high engine-out exhaust temperatures or the reaction exotherm generated on the catalysts. Chemical contamination originates from various inorganic species such as Phosphorous (P) and Sulfur (S) that contain in engine fluids, which can poison and/or mask the catalyst active components. Such deactivations are quite difficult to simulate under laboratory conditions, due to the fact that multiple deactivation modes may occur at the same time in the real-world operations.
In this work, a set of field-aged TWCs has been analyzed through detailed laboratory research in order to identify and quantify the real-world aging mechanisms. Based on the measured NOx conversion efficiency, we identified that thermal aging was the major aging mechanism for all the field-aged TWCs investigated. Additionally, chemical contaminants such as Phosphorous (P) and Sulfur (S) containing species were also detected at the front portion of the catalyst location that is closer to the engine outlet, leading to decreased NOx and CH4 conversions at this location. However, the NOx and CH4 conversions at the rest of the catalyst locations were mildly impacted due to the sharp axial gradient of these chemical contaminants deposition.
Recommended Content
Authors
Citation
Wang, D., An, H., Gong, J., Li, J. et al., "Diagnostics of Field-Aged Three-Way Catalyst (TWC) on Stoichiometric Natural Gas Engines," SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-0998, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0998.Data Sets - Support Documents
Title | Description | Download |
---|---|---|
Unnamed Dataset 1 |
Also In
References
- Koltsakis , G.C. and Stamatelos , A.M. Catalytic Automotive Exhaust Aftertreatment Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 23 1 1 39 1997 10.1016/S0360-1285(97)00003-8
- Cho , H.M. and He , B.Q. Spark Ignition Natural Gas Engines - A Review Energy Convers. Manag. 2007 10.1016/j.enconman.2006.05.023
- Shelef , M. and Graham , G.W. Why Rhodium in Automotive Three-Way Catalysts? Catal. Rev. 1994 10.1080/01614949408009468
- Kašpar , J. , Fornasiero , P. , and Graziani , M. Use of CeO2-Based Oxides in the Three-Way Catalysis Catalysis Today 50 2 285 298 1999
- Monte , R.D. and Kaspar , J. On the Role of Oxygen Storage in Three-Way Catalysis Top. Catal. 2004 10.1023/B:TOCA.0000024333.08447.f7
- Bedrane , S. , Descorme , C. , and Duprez , D. Towards the Comprehension of Oxygen Storage Processes on Model Three-Way Catalysts Catalysis Today 2002 10.1016/S0920-5861(02)00005-6
- Carol , L.A. , Newman , N.E. , and Mann , G.S. High Temperature Deactivation of Three-Way Catalyst SAE Trans. 731 744 1989
- Gong , J. , Wang , D. , Li , J. , Kamasamudram , K. et al. An Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Study of Aging Impact on Surface and Subsurface Oxygen Storage in Three-Way Catalysts Catal. Today 2019 10.1016/j.cattod.2017.11.038
- Fathali , A. , Wallin , F. , Kristoffersson , A. , and Laurell , M. Thermal and Chemical Deactivation of Three-Way Catalysts: Comparison of Road-, Fuel-Cut and SAI-Aged Catalysts SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-1000 2015 10.4271/2015-01-1000
- Rokosz , M.J. , Chen , A.E. , Lowe-Ma , C.K. , Kucherov , A.V. et al. Characterization of Phosphorus-Poisoned Automotive Exhaust Catalysts Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2001 10.1016/S0926-3373(01)00165-5
- Christou , S.Y. , Birgersson , H. , and Efstathiou , A.M. Reactivation of Severely Aged Commercial Three-Way Catalysts by Washing with Weak EDTA and Oxalic Acid Solutions Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2007 10.1016/j.apcatb.2006.09.008
- Lance , M. , Wereszczak , A. , Toops , T.J. , Ancimer , R. et al. Evaluation of Fuel-Borne Sodium Effects on a DOC-DPF-SCR Heavy-Duty Engine Emission Control System: Simulation of Full-Useful Life SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 9 3 683 694 2016
- Skowron , J.F. , Williamson , W.B. , and Summers , J.C. Effect of Aging and Evaluation Conditions on Three-Way Catalyst Performance 1989
- Heck , R.M. and Farrauto , R.J. Automobile exhaust catalysts Appl. Catal. A Gen. 2001 10.1016/S0926-860X(01)00818-3
- Kittleson , D.B. , Abdul-Khalek , I.S. , Graskow , B.R. , and Brear , F. Diesel Exhaust Particle Size: Measurement Issues and Trends 1998
- Larese , C. , Cabello Galisteo , F. , López Granados , M. , Mariscal , R. et al. Deactivation of Real Three Way Catalysts by CePO4 Formation Appl. Catal. B Environ. 00161 00163 2003 10.1016/S0926-3373(02)
- Larese , C. , Galisteo , F. , Granados , M. , Mariscal , R. et al. Effects of the CePO on the Oxygen Storage and Release Properties of CeO and CeZrO Solid Solution J. Catal. 2004 10.1016/j.jcat.2004.06.013