This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
NOx Performance Degradation of Aftertreatment Architectures Containing DOC with SCR on Filter or Uncatalyzed DPF Downstream of DEF Injection
Technical Paper
2019-01-0740
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
SCR on filter, also known as SCRoF, SCRF, SDPF, has been utilized to meet the stringent light duty Euro 6 emission regulations. Close-coupled DOC-DEF-SCR on filter with underfloor SCR architectures, offer a balance of NOx performance at cold start and highway driving conditions. In contrast, the DOC-DPF-DEF-SCR architecture has been most commonly selected to meet the on-road and non-road heavy duty emission regulations worldwide.
Diesel engines applied to off road vehicles can operate under higher loads for extended times, producing higher exhaust temperatures and engine out NOx emissions. New European Stage V emission regulations will mandate diesel particulate filter (DPF) adoption because of particulate number and more stringent particulate mass requirements. Three aftertreatment architecture choices with diesel particulate filters (DPF) were evaluated as candidates to fulfill the Stage V emission regulations. The studied architectures were: DOC-uncatalyzed DPF-DEF-SCR, DOC-DEF-SCR on filter-SCR and DOC-DEF-uncatalyzed DPF-SCR, respectively.
During steady state operations, an unexpected continuous and repeatable NOx performance degradation occurred at inlet temperatures exceeding 450 °C on systems containing either SCR on filter or uncatalyzed DPF located downstream of the DEF injection. NOx performance degradations were observed over multiple tests with different samples of DOC. Additional reference testing on two architectures, DOC-uncatalyzed DPF-DEF-SCR and DOC-DEF-SCR systems, did not exhibit NOx performance degradation when exposed to the same conditions.
Additional experiments were conducted to investigate the cause of NOx performance degradations. In the case of DOC-DEF-SCR on filter architecture, when tested without a DOC upstream, performance remained stable throughout testing, and did not show degradation. In the case of a degraded DOC-DEF-uncatalyzed DPF|SCR architecture when reconfigured by relocating the uncatalyzed DPF to a position before the DEF injection, demonstrated NOx performance was fully restored, and did not exhibit further degradation. These architectural studies helped isolate the cause of degradation to the filter downstream of the DEF injection system.
NOx performance changes of SCR on filter due to thermal aging and ash loading were also evaluated. Significant NOx performance loss was observed at exhaust temperatures above 450 °C after thermal aging, while expected levels of NOx performance losses were observed after ash loading.
Chemical analyses of several SCR on filter and uncatalyzed DPF’s samples from this study revealed measurable amounts of platinum (Pt), providing a strong hypothesis linking the NOx performance degradation to increased parasitic NH3 oxidation by O2, for both DOC-DEF-SCR on filter-SCR and DOC-DEF-uncatalyzed DPF-SCR architectures.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Hruby, E., Huang, S., Duddukuri, R., and Dou, D., "NOx Performance Degradation of Aftertreatment Architectures Containing DOC with SCR on Filter or Uncatalyzed DPF Downstream of DEF Injection," SAE Technical Paper 2019-01-0740, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0740.Data Sets - Support Documents
| Title | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Unnamed Dataset 1 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 2 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 3 | ||
| Unnamed Dataset 4 |
Also In
References
- Kawakami , A. , Mizutani , T. , Shibagaki , Y. , Yuuki , K. et al. High Porosity DPF Design for Integrated SCR Functions SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0843 2012 10.4271/2012-01-0843
- Körfer , T. Potential of Advanced, Combined Aftertreatment Systems for Light-Duty Diesel Engines to Meet Upcoming EU and US Emission Regulation SAE Technical Paper 2013-24-0163 2013 10.4271/2013-24-0163
- Joo , K. , Park , J. , Lee , J. , Kim , S. et al. A Study of LNT & Urea SCR on DPF System to Meet the Stringent Exhaust Emission Regulation SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-2810 2014 10.4271/2014-01-2810
- Hendrickson , C. , Upadhyay , D. , and Van Nieuwstadt , M. Selective Catalytic Reduction Control with Multiple Injectors SAE Technical Paper 2017-01-0943 2017 10.4271/2017-01-0943
- Chilumukuru , K. , Gupta , A. , Ruth , M. , Cunningham , M. et al. Aftertreatment Architecture and Control Methodologies for Future Light Duty Diesel Emission Regulations SAE Int. J. Engines 10 4 2017 10.4271/2017-01-0911
- Cavataio , G. , Warner , J.R. , Girard , J.W. , Ura , J. et al. Laboratory Study of Soot, Propylene, and Diesel Fuel Impact on Zeolite-Based SCR Filter Catalysts SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 2 1 342 368 2009 10.4271/2009-01-0903
- Cavataio , G. , Girard , J.W. , and Lambert , C.K. Cu/Zeolite SCR on High Porosity Filters: Laboratory and Engine Performance Evaluations SAE Technical Paper 2009-01-0897 2009 10.4271/2009-01-0897
- Kim , K. , Mital , R. , and Higuchi , T. An Investigative Study of Sudden Pressure Increase Phenomenon Across the SCR on Filter Catalyst SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-2319 2016 10.4271/2016-01-2319
- Mital , R. , Wiebenga , M. , and Qi , G. Characterizing Performance of Diesel Aftertreatment Components 10th Integer Emissions Summit 2017
- Chigada , P.I. , Ahmadinejad , M. , Newman , A.D. , Ng , A.I.P. et al. Impact of SCR Activity on Soot Regeneration and the Converse Effects of Soot Regeneration on SCR Activity on a Vanadia-SCRF® SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-0962 2018 10.4271/2018-01-0962
- Balland , J. , Parmentier , M. , and Schmitt , J. Control of a Combined SCR on Filter and Under-Floor SCR System for Low Emission Passenger Cars SAE Int. J. Engines 7 3 2014 10.4271/2014-01-1522
- Aryan , D. , Price , K. , and Pauly , T. Four Season Field Aging for SCR on DPF (SDPF) on a Light Heavy Duty Application SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-0929 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0929
- Georgiadis , E. , Kudo , T. , Herrmann , O. , Uchiyama , K. et al. Real Driving Emission Efficiency Potential of SDPF Systems without an Ammonia Slip Catalyst SAE Technical Paper 2017-01-0913 2017 10.4271/2017-01-0913
- Olowojebutu , S. and Steffen , T. A Review of the Literature on Modelling of Integrated SCR-in-DPF Systems SAE Technical Paper 2017-01-0976 2017 10.4271/2017-01-0976
- Johnson , T. Diesel Emissions in Review SAE Int. J. Engines 4 1 143 157 2011 10.4271/2011-01-0304
- Rose , D. , Heibel , A. , George , S. , Warkins , J. , Golomb , N. , Warren , C. A New Generation High Porosity DuraTrap® AT for Integration of DeNOx Functionalities 21st Aachen Colloquium Automobile and Engine Technology Aachen, Germany 2012
- Heibel , A. , George , S. , Warkins , J. , Golomb , N. , Warren , C. , and Rose , D. A New Generation High Porosity DuraTrap® AT for Integration of DeNOx Functionalities 2nd Aachen Colloquium Automobile and Engine Technology Beijing, China 2012
- Tang , W. , Youngren , D. , SantaMaria , M. , and Kumar , S. On-Engine Investigation of SCR on Filters (SCRoF) for HDD Passive Applications SAE Int. J. Engines 6 2 862 872 2013 10.4271/2013-01-1066
- Jin , Y. , Shinoda , N. , Uesaka , Y. , Kuki , T. et al. Development of New High Porosity Diesel Particulate Filter for Integrated SCR Technology/Catalyst SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-2018 2015 10.4271/2015-01-2018
- Adelman , B. , Santhanam , S. , Strots , V. , Miller , K.M. , and Derybowski , E. Direct Ammonia Addition to Exhaust Streams Employing a Combined PM - NOx Reduction Aftertreatment Devise for US2010 and Euro VI Applications 3rd MinNOx Conference 2010
- Santhanam , S. , Adelman , B. , Derybowski , E. , and Luedicke , M. Integration and Testing of an Ammonia Storage and Delivery System to an Engine/Vehicle for NOx Reduction 16th Asia Pacific Automotive Engineering Conference 2011
- Santhanam , S. , Adelman , B. , Derybowski , E. , Nicole , J. , and Poojary , D. Reactor Bench Evaluation of Advanced NOx Reduction Catalysts Applied to Flow-Through Substrates and Wall-Flow Filters: Results and Correlation to Engine and Vehicle Data 4th MinNOx Conference 2012
- Adelman , B. , Singh , N. , Charintranond , P. , Griffin , G. et al. Direct Injection into the Exhaust Stream of Gaseous Ammonia: Design and Efficiency of Injection and Mixing Hardware SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-1021 2015 10.4271/2015-01-1021
- Johansen , K. , Bentzer , H. , Kustov , A. , Larsen , K. et al. Integration of Vanadium and Zeolite Type SCR Functionality into DPF in Exhaust Aftertreatment Systems - Advantages and Challenges SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-1523 2014 10.4271/2014-01-1523
- Naseri , M. , Conway , R. , Hess , H. , Aydin , C. et al. Development of Emission Control Systems to Enable High NOx Conversion on Heavy Duty Diesel Engines SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-1525 2014 10.4271/2014-01-1525
- Naseri , M. , Aydin , C. , Mulla , S. , Conway , R. et al. Development of Emission Control Systems to Enable High NOx Conversion on Heavy Duty Diesel Engines SAE Int. J. Engines 8 3 2015 10.4271/2015-01-0992
- Conway , R. , Chatterjee , S. , Naseri , M. , and Aydin , C. Demonstration of SCR on a Diesel Particulate Filter System on a Heavy Duty Application SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-1033 2015 10.4271/2015-01-1033
- Czerwinski , J. , Zimmerli , Y. , Mayer , A. , Lemaire , J. et al. Investigations of SDPF -Diesel Particle Filter with SCR Coating for HD-Applications SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-1023 2015 10.4271/2015-01-1023
- López - De Jesús , Y. , Chigada , P. , Watling , T. , Arulraj , K. et al. NOx and PM Reduction from Diesel Exhaust Using Vanadia SCRF® SAE Int. J. Engines 9 2 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0914
- Sharp , C. , Webb , C. , Neely , G. , Carter , M. et al. Achieving Ultra Low NOX Emissions Levels with a 2017 Heavy-Duty On-Highway TC Diesel Engine and an Advanced Technology Emissions System - Thermal Management Strategies SAE Int. J. Engines 10 4 2017 10.4271/2017-01-0954
- Sharp , C. , Webb , C. , Yoon , S. , Carter , M. et al. Achieving Ultra Low NOX Emissions Levels with a 2017 Heavy-Duty On-Highway TC Diesel Engine - Comparison of Advanced Technology Approaches SAE Int. J. Engines 10 4 2017 10.4271/2017-01-0956
- Sharp , C. , Webb , C. , Neely , G. , Sarlashkar , J. et al. Achieving Ultra Low NOX Emissions Levels with a 2017 Heavy-Duty On-Highway TC Diesel Engine and an Advanced Technology Emissions System - NOX Management Strategies SAE Int. J. Engines 10 4 2017 10.4271/2017-01-0958
- Vonarb , R. Liebherr Strategy Towards Stage IV and Beyond 9th Diesel Emissions Conference & Adblue Forum Europe 2013
- Vonarb , R. and Hohl , Y. The Next Liebherr Aftertreatment Solution: Towards Stage V? SAE Heavy-Duty Diesel Emissions Control Symposium 2014
- Müller , M. Deutz Emission Control Solutions for a Diversity of Applications SAE Heavy-Duty Diesel Emissions Control Symposium 2014
- Hohl , Y. Liebherr Experience with SCR on Filter System SAE Heavy-Duty Diesel Emissions Control Symposium Gothenburg, Sweden 2016
- Dou , D. What Is Beyond Stage IV -Opportunities from a System Perspective SAE Heavy Duty Diesel Emissions Control Symposium Gothenburg, Sweden 2016
- Taylor , M. , Kaneda , A. , Kai , R. , Asako , T. et al. Development of Improved SCRonDPF Design for Future Tighter Regulations and Reduced System Packaging SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-0344 2018 10.4271/2018-01-0344
- George , S. , Heibel , A. , and Beall , D. Next Generation Cordierite High Porosity DPF for SCR Catalyst Integration SAE World Congress 2018
- Gronberg , P. The Experience on Tier4 Final and Future Opportunities of Stage V Technologies 9th Integer Emissions Summit & DEF Forum 2016
- Katsaounis , E. , Krähenbühl , P. , Tsinoglou , D. , and Wachter , R. The Challenges of an Aftertreatment System for Stage V with SCR-F 4th International Engine Congress 2-2017 Baden-Baden, Germany
- Rodman , A.C. , Driscoll , J.J. , Balea , B. , Robel , W. J. 2018
- Henry , C. , Eakle , S. , Bartley , G. , and Huang , S-C. Impact of Ash on a Bare DPF Substrate Cores Emissions 2017 Conference 2017
- Jen , H. , Girard , J. , Cavataio , G. , and Jagner , M. Detection, Origin and Effect of Ultra-Low Platinum Contamination on Diesel-SCR Catalysts SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 1 1 1553 1559 2009 10.4271/2008-01-2488
- Cavataio , G. , Jen , H. , Girard , J. , Dobson , D. et al. Impact and Prevention of Ultra-Low Contamination of Platinum Group Metals on SCR Catalysts Due to DOC Design SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 2 1 204 216 2009 10.4271/2009-01-0627
- Chen , X. , Currier , N. , Yezerets , A. , and Kamasamudram , K. Mitigation of Platinum Poisoning of Cu-Zeolite SCR Catalysts SAE Int. J. Engines 6 2 2013 10.4271/2013-01-1065
- Jacques , J. , Pauly , T. , Zammit , M. , Ahari , H. et al. Robust SCR Design Against Environmental Impacts SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-0954 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0954
- Harris , H. , Kozlov , A. , Ponnaiyan , A. , and Combs , J. Engine Test Protocol for Accelerated Ash Loading of a Diesel Particulate Filter SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-0607 2011 10.4271/2011-01-0607
- SGS Canada Inc.