This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Experimental Investigation of Fuel Injection and Spark Timing for the Combustion of n-Butanol and iso-Butanol and Their Blends with Gasoline in a Two-Cylinder SI Engine
Technical Paper
2017-24-0115
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
This content contains downloadable datasets
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
In this study, the combustion of butanol, neat and mixed with gasoline, was investigated on a 0.6 liter two-cylinder spark ignition engine with fully adjustable fuel injection and spark timing, coupled with an eddy current dynamometer. Two isomers of butanol, n-butanol and iso-butanol, were examined. This basic parameter study gives information about potential requirements of engine control systems for butanol FFV.
Compared to the traditionally used ethanol, butanol does not exhibit hygroscopic behaviour, is chemically less aggressive and has higher energy density. On other hand, different laminar burning velocity and higher boiling temperature of butanol, compared to gasoline, requires some countermeasures to keep the engine operation reliable and efficient.
Optimum spark timing for n-butanol, iso-butanol and their mixtures with gasoline, response to both lean and rich mixture composition, and three-way catalyst performance are reported and discussed for selected steady state operating conditions. For low loads, the results suggest a spark advance decrease, larger for n-butanol than for iso-butanol, while at higher loads, the optimal timing is comparable for all fuels.
Deviation from stoichiometric mixture composition did not affect significant points of heat release of and its variability for all tested fuels and fuel mixtures. The three-way catalyst performance is generally comparable when either isomer of butanol in any concentration is used. Furthermore, for some components at certain conditions observed conversion efficiency was increased or decreased when butanol is combusted.
Overall, the combustion of both n-butanol and iso-butanol and their mixtures with gasoline was, at steady state operation with fully heated engine, and after adjustments of spark timing and of fueling rate, comparable with gasoline. Starting of a cold engine, a known problematic aspect of using any alcohol fuel, was not addressed in this study.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Pechout, M., Czerwinski, J., Güdel, M., and Vojtisek-Lom, M., "Experimental Investigation of Fuel Injection and Spark Timing for the Combustion of n-Butanol and iso-Butanol and Their Blends with Gasoline in a Two-Cylinder SI Engine," SAE Technical Paper 2017-24-0115, 2017, https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-24-0115.Data Sets - Support Documents
Title | Description | Download |
---|---|---|
Unnamed Dataset 1 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 2 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 3 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 4 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 5 | ||
Unnamed Dataset 6 |
Also In
References
- Knoll , K. , West , B. , Huff , S. , Thomas , J. et al. Effects of Mid-Level Ethanol Blends on Conventional Vehicle Emissions SAE Technical Paper 2009-01-2723 2009 10.4271/2009-01-2723
- Cook R. , Phillips S. , Houyoux M. et al. Air quality impacts of increased use of ethanol under the United States’ Energy Independence and Security Act Atmospheric Environment 45 40 2011 7714 7724 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.08.043
- Jones , B. , Mead , G. , Steevens , P. 2008 The Effects of E20 on Plastic Automotive Fuel System Components https://www.mda.state.mn.us/news/publications/renewable/ethanol/e20onplastics.pdf
- Bailey , B. Performance of Ethanol as a Transportation Fuel. In: Handbook on Bioethanol: Production and Utilization Wyman C. E. http://infohouse.p2ric.org/ref/36/35015.pdf 1996
- Smith , J. and Sick , V. The Prospects of Using Alcohol-Based Fuels in Stratified-Charge Spark-Ignition Engines SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-4034 2007 10.4271/2007-01-4034
- Alasfour , F. N. Butanol - a single cylinder engine study: engine performance Int. J. of Energy Research 21 1 21 30 1997
- Cascone , R. Biobutanol: a replacement for bioethanol? Chem. Eng. Prog. 104 S4 S9 2008
- Patakova , P. , Maxa , D. , Rychtera , M. , Linhova , L. et al. Perspectives of biobutanol production and use Biofuel`s engineering process technology Bernandes M.A.D.S. 978-953-307-480-1 243 266 InTech Rijeka, Croatia 2011
- Cairns , A. , Todd , A. , Aleiferis , P. , Fraser , N. et al. A Study of Alcohol Blended Fuels in an Unthrottled Single Cylinder Spark Ignition Engine SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-0618 2010 10.4271/2010-01-0618
- Thewes , M. , Muther , M. , Brassat , A. , Pischinger , S. et al. Analysis of the Effect of Bio-Fuels on the Combustion in a Downsized DI SI Engine SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 5 1 274 288 2012 10.4271/2011-01-1991
- Merola , S. , Tornatore , C. , Valentino , G. , Marchitto , L. et al. Optical Investigation of the Effect on the Combustion Process of Butanol-Gasoline Blend in a PFI SI Boosted Engine SAE Technical Paper 2011-24-0057 2011 10.4271/2011-24-0057
- National Institute of Standards and Technology http://webbook.nist.gov
- Andersen , V.F. , Andersen , J.E. , Wallington , T.J. , Mueller , S.A. et al. Vapor Pressures of Alcohol-Gasoline Blends Energy & Fuels 24 3647 3654 2010 10.1021/ef100254w
- Szwaja S. , Naber J.D. Combustion of n-butanol in a spark-ignition IC engine Fuel 89 7 1573 1582 2010 10.1016/j.fuel.2009.08.043
- Gu , X. , Huang , Z. , Cai , J. , Gong , J. , Lee , Ch. Emission characteristics of a spark-ignition engine fuelled with gasoline-n-butanol blends in combination with EGR Fuel 93 611 617 2012 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.11.040
- Dernotte , J. , Mounaim-Rousselle , C. , Halter , F. , Seers , P. Evaluation of butanol-gasoline blends in a port fuel-injection, spark-ignition engine Oil Gas Sci Technol - Rev IFP 65 345 51 2010 10.2516/ogst/2009034
- Wigg , B. , Coverdill , R. , Lee , C. , and Kyritsis , D. Emissions Characteristics of Neat Butanol Fuel Using a Port Fuel-Injected, Spark-Ignition Engine SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-0902 2011 10.4271/2011-01-0902
- Wallner , T. and Frazee , R. Study of Regulated and Non-Regulated Emissions from Combustion of Gasoline, Alcohol Fuels and their Blends in a DI-SI Engine SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-1571 2010 10.4271/2010-01-1571
- Aleiferis P.G. , van Romunde Z.R. An analysis of spray development with iso-octane, n-pentane, gasoline, ethanol and n-butanol from a multi-hole injector under hot fuel conditions Fuel 105 143 168 2013 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.07.044
- Tornatore C. , Marchitto L. , Valentino G. , Corcione F.E. et al. Optical diagnostics of the combustion process in a PFI SI boosted engine fueled with butanol-gasoline blend Energy 45 1 277 287 2012 10.1016/j.energy.2012.03.006
- Merola , S. , Tornatore , C. , Marchitto , L. , Valentino , G. et al. Experimental investigations of butanol-gasoline blends effects on the combustion process in a SI engine International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering 2012 2251-6832 10.1186/2251-6832-3-6
- Tornatore , C. , Marchitto , L. , Mazzei , A. et al. Effect of Butanol Blend in In-Cylinder Combustion Process. Part 1: Spark Ignition Engine Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport 2354-0133 18 2 428 438 2011
- Pechout , M. , Dittrich , A. , and Vojtisek-Lom , M. Operation of an Ordinary PFI Engine on n-butanol and Iso-butanol and Their Blends with Gasoline SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-2618 2014 10.4271/2014-01-2618
- Holm , T. Aspects of the mechanism of the flame ionization detector Journal of Chromatography A 842 1999 221 227
- Scanolon, James T. , a WILLIS , Donald E. Calculation of flame ionization detector relative response factors using the effective carbon number concept J. Chromatogr. Sci. 23 333 340 1985