This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Performance Evaluation and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel-Alcohol-Diesel Blends Fuelled in VCR Engine
Technical Paper
2016-01-2265
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The diesel engine has for many decades now assumed a leading role in both the medium and medium-large transport sector due to their high efficiency and ability to produce high torque at low RPM. Furthermore, energy diversification and petroleum independence are also required by each country. In response to this, biodiesel is being considered as a promising solution due to its high calorific value and lubricity conventional petroleum diesel. However, commercial use of biodiesel has been limited because of some drawbacks including corrosivity, instability of fuel properties, higher viscosity, etc. Biodiesel are known for lower CO, HC and PM emissions. But, on the flip side they produce higher NOx emissions. The addition of alcohol to biodiesel diesel blend can help in reducing high NOx produced by the biodiesel while improving some physical fuel properties. In the present study karanja oil is used for production of biodiesel i.e Karanja oil methyl ester (KOME) while ethanol, isopropanol and isobutanol are the alcohols being used. The blends are prepared by volume with 70% of fossil diesel, 20% of KOME and 10 % of respective alcohol. Engine performance such as Brake thermal efficiency, Brake specific fuel consumption and exhaust emission characteristics such as NOx, CO, HC and smoke opacity were evaluated at two different compression ratios from no load to 20% increment till the full load. The aim is to find the most optimum alcohol to be blended with a viable compression ratio to match up to the performance standards of fossil diesel while an improvement on the tightening emission norms and superior physical fuel characteristics. The results are promising for profitable use of biodiesel with addition of alcohol and to supplement a part of the increasing energy demand.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Gupta, A., Gupta, D., and Kumar, N., "Performance Evaluation and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel-Alcohol-Diesel Blends Fuelled in VCR Engine," SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-2265, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-2265.Also In
References
- The Outlook for Energy: A View to 2040 - ExxonMobil http://cdn.exxonmobil.com/~/media/Reports/Outlook%20For%20Energy/2014/2014-Outlook-for-Energy-low-resolution.pdf
- Basic Statistics on Indian Petroleum & Natural Gas Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas, Government of India
- National Policy on Biofuels - Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Government of India http://mnre.gov.in/file-manager/UserFiles/biofuel_policy.pdf
- Sahoo P.K. , Das L.M. Process optimization for biodiesel production from Jatropha, Karanja and Polanga oils Fuel 88 9 September 2009 1588 1594 0016-2361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2009.02.016
- Pramanik K Properties and use of jatropha curcas oil and diesel fuel blends in compression ignition engine Renewable Energy 28 2 February 2003 239 248 0960-1481 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-1481(02)00027-7
- Demirbas A. Potential Resources of Non-edible Oils for Biodiesel Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy 4 3 2009 310 314 Taylor & Francis 1556-7249 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567240701621166
- Bijalwan A , Sharma C.M. , Kediyal V.K. Bio-diesel revolution, Science reporter January 2006 14 17
- Lin Cherng-Yuan , Lin Hsiu-An Diesel engine performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel produced by the peroxidation process Fuel 85 3 February 2006 298 305 0016-2361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2005.05.018
- Yohaness F. Fuelling a Small Capacity Agricultural Unmodified Diesel Engine with Macro emulsified Ethanol, Diesel and Jatropha Derived Biodiesel: Performance & Emission Studies M.E. Thesis Mechanical Eng. Dept., Delhi College of Eng. Delhi 2003
- Demirbas Ayhan Importance of biodiesel as transportation fuel Energy Policy 35 9 September 2007 4661 4670 0301-4215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.04.003
- Demirbas Ayhan Relationships derived from physical properties of vegetable oil and biodiesel fuels Fuel 87 8-9 July 2008 1743 1748 0016-2361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2007.08.007
- Franco Z. , Nguyen Q.D. Flow properties of vegetable oil-diesel fuel blends Fuel 90 2 February 2011 838 843 0016-2361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2010.09.044
- Demirbas Ayhan Progress and recent trends in biodiesel fuels Energy Conversion and Management 50 1 January 2009 14 34 0196-8904 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2008.09.001
- Ong HC. , Silitonga A.S. , Masjuki H.H. , Mahlia T.M.I. , Chong W.T. , Boosroh M.H. Production and comparative fuel properties of biodiesel from non-edible oils: Jatropha curcas, Sterculia foetida and Ceiba pentandra Energy Conversion and Management 73 September 2013 245 255 0196-8904 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2013.04.011
- Hussan Md. Jayed , Hassan Masjuki Hj. , Kalam Md. Abul , Memon Liaquat Ali Tailoring key fuel properties of diesel- biodiesel-ethanol blends for diesel engine Journal of Cleaner Production 51 15 July 2013 118 125 0959-6526 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.01.023
- Mat Yasin M.H. , Yusaf Talal , Mamat R. , Yusop A. Fitri Characterization of a diesel engine operating with a small proportion of methanol as a fuel additive in biodiesel blend Applied Energy 114 February 2014 865 873 0306-2619 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.06.012
- Yilmaz Nadir Performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel-ethanol and biodiesel- methanol blends at elevated air temperatures Fuel 94 April 2012 440 443 0016-2361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.11.015
- Zhu Lei , Cheung C.S. , Zhang W.G. , Huang Zhen Emissions characteristics of a diesel engine operating on biodiesel and biodiesel blended with ethanol and methanol Science of The Total Environment 408 4 15 January 2010 914 921 0048-9697 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.10.078
- Agarwal Avinash Kumar , Karare Himanshu , Dhar Atul Combustion, performance, emissions and particulate characterization of a methanol-gasoline blend (gasohol) fuelled medium duty spark ignition transportation engine Fuel Processing Technology 121 May 2014 16 24 0378-3820 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2013.12.014
- Agarwal Avinash Kumar Biofuels (alcohols and biodiesel) applications as fuels for internal combustion engines Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 33 3 June 2007 233 271 0360-1285 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2006.08.003
- Williams Jour Barrie Production of biodiesel in Europe - the markets European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 104 6 361 362 June 2002 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH 1438-9312 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1438-9312(200206)104:6<361::AID-EJLT361>3.0.CO;2-9
- Badami , M. , Mallamo , F. , Millo , F. , and Rossi , E. Influence of Multiple Injection Strategies on Emissions, Combustion Noise and BSFC of a DI Common Rail Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-0503 2002 10.4271/2002-01-0503
- Henein , N. , Lai , M. , Singh , I. , Zhong , L. et al. Characteristics of a Common Rail Diesel Injection System under Pilot and Post Injection Modes SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-0218 2002 10.4271/2002-01-0218
- Trueba , A. , Barbeau , B. , Pajot , O. , and Mokaddem , K. Pilot Injection Timing Effect on the Main Injection Development and combustion in a DI Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-0501 2002 10.4271/2002-01-0501
- Payri , F. , Benajes , J. , Pastor , J. , and Molina , S. Influence of the Post-Injection Pattern on Performance, Soot and NOx Emissions in a HD Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-0502 2002 10.4271/2002-01-0502
- Zhong , L. , Singh , I. , Han , J. , Lai , M. et al. Effect of Cycle-to-Cycle Variation in the Injection Pressure in a Common Rail Diesel Injection System on Engine Performance SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-0699 2003 10.4271/2003-01-0699
- Cenk Sayin , Murat Ilhan , Mustafa Canakci , Metin Gumus Effect of injection timing on the exhaust emissions of a diesel engine using diesel-methanol blends Renewable Energy 34 5 May 2009 1261 1269 0960-1481 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2008.10.010
- Hiroaki Watanabe , Toshihiro Tahara , Mitsuo Tamanouchi , Jihei Iida Study of the effects on exhaust emissions in direct injection diesel engines: Effects of fuel injection system, distillation properties and cetane number JSAE Review 19 1 January 1998 21 26 0389-4304 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0389-4304(97)00047-7
- Raheman H. , Ghadge S.V. Performance of diesel engine with biodiesel at varying compression ratio and ignition timing Fuel 87 12 September 2008 2659 2666 0016-2361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2008.03.006
- Maher A.R. Sadiq Al-Baghdadi Effect of compression ratio, equivalence ratio and engine speed on the performance and emission characteristics of a spark ignition engine using hydrogen as a fuel Renewable Energy 29 15 December 2004 2245 2260 0960-1481 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2004.04.002
- Breda Kegl Numerical analysis of injection characteristics using biodiesel fuel Fuel 85 17-18 December 2006 2377 2387 0016-2361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2006.05.009
- Adnan Parlak , Halit Yasar , Bahri Sahin Performance and exhaust emission characteristics of a lower compression ratio LHR Diesel engine Energy Conversion and Management 44 1 January 2003 163 175 0196-8904 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-8904(01)00201-1
- Ramadhas A.S. , Muraleedharan C. , Jayaraj S. Performance and emission evaluation of a diesel engine fueled with methyl esters of rubber seed oil Renewable Energy 30 12 October 2005 1789 1800 0960-1481 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2005.01.009
- Nadir Yilmaz Comparative analysis of biodiesel-ethanol-diesel and biodiesel-methanol-diesel blends in a diesel engine Energy 40 1 April 2012 210 213 0360-5442 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.01.079
- Qi D.H. , Chen H. , Geng L.M. , Bian Y.ZH. , Ren X.CH. Performance and combustion characteristics of biodiesel-diesel- methanol blend fuelled engine Applied Energy 87 5 May 2010 1679 1686 0306-2619 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.10.016
- Hulwan Dattatray Bapu , Joshi Satishchandra V. Performance, emission and combustion characteristic of a multicylinder DI diesel engine running on diesel-ethanol-biodiesel blends of high ethanol content Applied Energy 88 12 December 2011 5042 5055 0306-2619 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.07.008
- Nadir Yilmaz , Sanchez Tomas M. Analysis of operating a diesel engine on biodiesel-ethanol and biodiesel-methanol blends Energy 46 1 October 2012 126 129 0360-5442 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.11.062
- Anand K. , Sharma R.P. , Mehta Pramod S. Experimental investigations on combustion, performance and emissions characteristics of neat karanji biodiesel and its methanol blend in a diesel engine Biomass and Bioenergy 35 1 January 2011 533 541 0961-9534 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.10.005
- Yasin Mohd Hafizil mat , Mamat Rizalman , Yusop Ahmad Fitri , Rahim Rafidah , Aziz Amir , Shah Liyana Amer Fuel Physical Characteristics of Biodiesel Blend Fuels with Alcohol as Additives Procedia Engineering 53 2013 701 706 1877-7058 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.02.091
- Frank Lujaji , Lukács Kristóf , Akos Bereczky , Makame Mbarawa Experimental investigation of fuel properties, engine performance, combustion and emissions of blends containing croton oil, butanol, and diesel on a CI engine Fuel 90 2 February 2011 505 510 0016-2361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2010.10.004
- Erdi Tosun , Yilmaz Ali Can , Mustafa Ozcanli , Kadir Aydin Determination of effects of various alcohol additions into peanut methyl ester on performance and emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine Fuel 126 15 June 2014 38 43 0016-2361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.02.037
- Laguitton O. , Crua C. , Cowell T. , Heikal M.R. , Gold M.R. The effect of compression ratio on exhaust emissions from a PCCI diesel engine Energy Conversion and Management 48 11 November 2007 2918 2924 0196-8904 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2007.07.016
- Meher L.C. , Dharmagadda Vidya S.S. , Naik S.N. Optimization of alkali-catalyzed transesterification of Pongamia pinnata oil for production of biodiesel Bioresource Technology 97 12 August 2006 1392 1397 0960-8524 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.07.003
- Agarwal Avinash Kumar , Rajamanoharan K. Experimental investigations of performance and emissions of Karanja oil and its blends in a single cylinder agricultural diesel engine Applied Energy 86 1 January 2009 106 112 0306-2619 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2008.04.008
- Kumar S. , Cho Jae H. , Park J. , Moon l. 2013 Advances in diesel-alcohol blends and their effects on the performance and emissions of diesel engines Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 22 46 72 doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.01.017
- Singh , A. , Mishra , C. , Vibhanshu , V. , and Kumar , N. Performance Evaluation and Emission Studies of a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Fuelled with Isopropyl Alcohol and Diesel SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-1132 2013 10.4271/2013-01-1132
- Murat Karabektas , Murat Hosoz Performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine using isobutanol-diesel fuel blends Renewable Energy 34 2009 1554 1559 10.1016/j.renene.2008.11.003
- Deep , A. , Singh , A. , Vibhanshu , V. , Khandelwal , A. et al. Experimental Investigation of Orange Peel Oil Methyl Ester on Single Cylinder Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2013-24-0171 2013 10.4271/2013-24-0171
- Material Safety Datasheet of HP Diesel http://www.hindustanpetroleum.com/documents/pdf/MSDSHSD.pdf
- Ramadhas A.S. , Jayaraj S. , Muraleedharan C. Theoretical modeling and experimental studies on biodiesel-fueled engine Renewable Energy 31 11 September 2006 1813 1826 0960-1481 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2005.09.011
- Bhatt Y.C. Use of some non-edible oils as a source of energy for CI Engines Unpublished PhD thesis IIT Kharagpur 1987
- Selvan V. Arul Mozhi , Anand R. B. , and Udayakumar M. Combustion Characteristics of Diesohol Using Biodiesel as an Additive in a Direct Injection Compression Ignition Engine under Various Compression Ratios Energy & Fuels 23 11 2009 5413 5422 0887-0624 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef900587h
- Orhan Arpa , Recep Yumrutaş , Zeki Argunhan Experimental investigation of the effects of diesel-like fuel obtained from waste lubrication oil on engine performance and exhaust emission Fuel Processing Technology 91 10 October 2010 1241 1249 0378-3820 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2010.04.004
- Devan P.K. , Mahalakshmi N.V. Performance, emission and combustion characteristics of poon oil and its diesel blends in a DI diesel engine Fuel 88 5 May 2009 861 867 0016-2361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2008.11.005
- Gumus M. Evaluation of hazelnut kernel oil of Turkish origin as alternative fuel in diesel engines Renewable Energy 33 11 November 2008 2448 2457 0960-1481 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2008.02.005
- Cenk Sayin , Mustafa Canakci Effects of injection timing on the engine performance and exhaust emissions of a dual-fuel diesel engine Energy Conversion and Management 50 1 January 2009 203 213 0196-8904 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2008.06.007
- Nadir Yilmaz , Vigil Francisco M. Potential use of a blend of diesel, biodiesel, alcohols and vegetable oil in compression ignition engines Fuel 124 15 May 2014 168 172 0016-2361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.01.075