This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Alternative Fuel Testing on a Port Fuel Injected LPL EGR and D-EGR® Engine
Technical Paper
2016-01-2170
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
A turbocharged 2.0 L PFI engine was modified to operate in a low-pressure loop and Dedicated EGR (D-EGR®) engine configuration. Both engine architectures were operated with a low and high octane gasoline as well as three ethanol blends. The core of this study focused on examining combustion differences at part and high loads between the selected fuels and also the different engine configurations. Specifically, the impact of the fuels on combustion stability, burn rates, knock mitigation, required ignition energy, and efficiency were evaluated. The results showed that the knock resistance generally followed the octane rating of the fuel. At part loads, the burn rates, combustion stability, and EGR tolerance was marginally improved with the high ethanol blends. When combustion was not knock or stability limited, the efficiency differences between the fuels were negligible. The D-EGR engine was much less sensitive to fuel changes in terms of burn rates than the LPL EGR setup. A sub-task of this work was to investigate differences in D-EGR in-cylinder fuel reformation for the various fuels. It was found that ethanol blends with a high H/C ratio reformed larger H2 amounts for a given D-EGR cylinder equivalence ratio compared to the other fuels.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Gukelberger, R., Robertson, D., Alger, T., Almaraz, S. et al., "Alternative Fuel Testing on a Port Fuel Injected LPL EGR and D-EGR® Engine," SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-2170, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-2170.Also In
References
- Stein , R. , Anderson , J. , and Wallington , T. An Overview of the Effects of Ethanol-Gasoline Blends on SI Engine Performance, Fuel Efficiency, and Emissions SAE Int. J. Engines 6 1 470 487 2013 10.4271/2013-01-1635
- Caton , P. , Hamilton , L. , and Cowart , J. An Experimental and Modeling Investigation into the Comparative Knock and Performance Characteristics of E85, Gasohol [E10] and Regular Unleaded Gasoline [87 (R+M)/2] SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0473 2007 10.4271/2007-01-0473
- Kasseris , E. and Heywood , J. Charge Cooling Effects on Knock Limits in SI DI Engines Using Gasoline/Ethanol Blends: Part 2-Effective Octane Numbers SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 5 2 844 854 2012 10.4271/2012-01-1284
- Ritzinger , J. , Koch , T. , Lehmann , J. , and Boulouchos , K. Influence of Fuel Composition and Combustion Process on Thermodynamic Parameters of SI Engines SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-1633 2012 10.4271/2012-01-1633
- Nakama , K. , Kusaka , J. , and Daisho , Y. Effect of Ethanol on Knock in Spark Ignition Gasoline Engines SAE Int. J. Engines 1 1 1366 1380 2009 10.4271/2008-32-0020
- Cairns , A. , Stansfield , P. , Fraser , N. , Blaxill , H. et al. A Study of Gasoline-Alcohol Blended Fuels in an Advanced Turbocharged DISI Engine SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 2 1 41 57 2009 10.4271/2009-01-0138
- Morganti , K. , Alzubail , A. , Abdullah , M. , Viollet , Y. et al. Improving the Efficiency of Conventional Spark-Ignition Engines Using Octane-on-Demand Combustion - Part II: Vehicle Studies and Life Cycle Assessment SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-0683 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0683
- Figura , J. , Kihas , D. , Pekar , J. , Uchanski , M. et al. Automotive Selective Catalytic Reduction System Model-Based Estimators for On-ECU Implementation: A Brief Overview SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-0972 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0972
- Lü , X. , Chen , W. , Hou , Y. , and Huang , Z. Study on the Ignition, Combustion and Emissions of HCCI Combustion Engines Fueled With Primary Reference Fuels SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-0155 2005 10.4271/2005-01-0155
- Stein , R. , Polovina , D. , Roth , K. , Foster , M. et al. Effect of Heat of Vaporization, Chemical Octane, and Sensitivity on Knock Limit for Ethanol - Gasoline Blends SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 5 2 823 843 2012 10.4271/2012-01-1277
- Milpied , J. , Jeuland , N. , Plassat , G. , Guichaous , S. et al. Impact of Fuel Properties on the Performances and Knock Behaviour of a Downsized Turbocharged DI SI Engine - Focus on Octane Numbers and Latent Heat of Vaporization SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 2 1 118 126 2009 10.4271/2009-01-0324
- Jung , H. , Shelby , M. , Newman , C. , and Stein , R. Effect of Ethanol on Part Load Thermal Efficiency and CO2 Emissions of SI Engines SAE Int. J. Engines 6 1 456 469 2013 10.4271/2013-01-1634
- Walls , M. , Robertson , D. , and Hansen , G. Direct Injecting Liquid Propane 27th World LP Gas Forum USA October 2014
- Boretti , A. and Watson , H. Development of a Direct Injection High Efficiency Liquid Phase LPG Spark Ignition Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 2 1 1639 1649 2009 10.4271/2009-01-1881
- Krieck , M. , Günther , M. , Pischinger , S. , Kramer , U. et al. Effects of LPG Fuel Formulations on Knock and Pre-Ignition Behavior of a DI SI Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 9 1 237 251 2016 10.4271/2015-01-1947
- Bielaczyc , P. , Szczotka , A. , and Woodburn , J. The Impact of Fuel Ethanol Content on Particulate Emissions from Light-Duty Vehicles Featuring Spark Ignition Engines SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 7 1 224 235 2014 10.4271/2014-01-1463
- Alger , T. and Mangold , B. Dedicated EGR: A New Concept in High Efficiency Engines SAE Int. J. Engines 2 1 620 631 2009 10.4271/2009-01-0694
- Alger , T. , Gingrich , J. , and Mangold , B. The Effect of Hydrogen Enrichment on EGR Tolerance in Spark Ignited Engines SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0475 2007 10.4271/2007-01-0475
- Gerty , M. and Heywood , J. An Investigation of Gasoline Engine Knock Limited Performance and the Effects of Hydrogen Enhancement SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-0228 2006 10.4271/2006-01-0228
- Gukelberger , R. , Gingrich , J. , Alger , T. , and Almaraz , S. LPL EGR and D-EGR® Engine Concept Comparison Part 2: High Load Operation SAE Int. J. Engines 8 2 547 556 2015 10.4271/2015-01-0781
- Gukelberger , R. , Gingrich , J. , Alger , T. , Almaraz , S. et al. LPL EGR and D-EGR® Engine Concept Comparison Part 1: Part Load Operation SAE Int. J. Engines 8 2 570 582 2015 10.4271/2015-01-0783
- Peterson , B. , Ekoto , I. , and Northrop , W. Investigation of Negative Valve Overlap Reforming Products Using Gas Sampling and Single-Zone Modeling SAE Int. J. Engines 8 2 747 757 2015 10.4271/2015-01-0818
- Szybist , J. , Steeper , R. , Splitter , D. , Kalaskar , V. et al. Negative Valve Overlap Reforming Chemistry in Low-Oxygen Environments SAE Int. J. Engines 7 1 418 433 2014 10.4271/2014-01-1188
- Chang , Y. , Wooldridge , M. , and Bohac , S. Extending the Dilution Limit of Spark Ignition Combustion via Fuel Injection during Negative Valve Overlap SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-0671 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0671
- Alger , T. , Walls , M. , Chadwell , C. , Joo , S. et al. The Interaction between Fuel Anti-Knock Index and Reformation Ratio in an Engine Equipped with Dedicated EGR SAE Int. J. Engines 9 2 786 795 2016 10.4271/2016-01-0712
- Alger , T. , Gingrich , J. , Mangold , B. , and Roberts , C. A Continuous Discharge Ignition System for EGR Limit Extension in SI Engines SAE Int. J. Engines 4 1 677 692 2011 10.4271/2011-01-0661
- Alger , T. , Gingrich , J. , Roberts , C. , Mangold , B. et al. A High-Energy Continuous Discharge Ignition System for Dilute Engine Applications SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-1628 2013 10.4271/2013-01-1628
- Gukelberger , R. , Bartley , G. , Gingrich , J. , Alger , T. et al. Water-Gas-Shift Catalyst Development and Optimization for a D-EGR® Engine SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-1968 2015 10.4271/2015-01-1968
- Perumal , M. and Floweday , G. An Investigation of Cascading Autoignition and Octane Number using a Multi-zone Model of the CFR Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 4 1 976 997 2011 10.4271/2011-01-0850 SAE Int. J. Engines
- Swarts , A. , Yates , A. , Viljoen , C. , and Coetzer , R. Standard Knock Intensity Revisited: Atypical Burn Rate Characteristics identified in the CFR Octane Rating Engine SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-1850 2004 10.4271/2004-01-1850
- Swarts , A. , Yates , A. , Viljoen , C. , and Coetzer , R. A Further Study of Inconsistencies between Autoignition and Knock Intensity in the CFR Octane Rating Engine SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-2081 2005 10.4271/2005-01-2081